Taxacom: no artifical 'intelligence' yet
Vladimir Blagoderov
vblago at gmail.com
Tue Feb 4 08:13:01 CST 2025
That's what ChatGPT has to say about the discussion :)
Misconceptions About AI and LLMs in the Discussion
1.
*AI as “Just a Metaphor” or “BS” Generator*
- *What’s Said:* John Grehan opens by calling “artificial intelligence”
a metaphor—implying it’s more a marketing construct than a real
technology—and later labels its output as “BS.”
- *The Reality:* While current LLMs are not sentient or “intelligent”
in a human sense, they are based on robust statistical models
that capture
patterns in vast amounts of text. Their “intelligence” is not the same as
human reasoning but can be extremely useful when its limitations are
understood.
2.
*Reliance Solely on Online Sources Makes AI Inherently Unreliable in
Taxonomy*
- *What’s Said:* Grehan argues that because many taxonomic articles
aren’t open access or posted online, the AI’s sources are “limited” and
thus its answers are suspect.
- *The Reality:* Although LLMs are trained on large, publicly
available datasets (and may miss some paywalled or less accessible
literature), researchers are actively developing domain-specific
models and
fine-tuning methods that incorporate high-quality, specialized data.
Moreover, even with general models, cross-checking and human
expertise can
compensate for gaps.
3.
*Inconsistency Equals Incompetence*
- *What’s Said:* Both John Grehan and Jared Bernard highlight
inconsistent or contradictory responses (e.g., on whether *Magnificus*
is monophyletic or the origin of panbiogeography) as evidence that
AI “gets things wrong.”
- *The Reality:* LLMs generate responses probabilistically based on
the prompt and training data. Variations in phrasing or context
can lead to
different answers. Inconsistencies underscore the need for critical
evaluation and context-aware querying rather than proving that the
technology is entirely unreliable.
4.
*AI as a Source of Plagiarism and a Threat to Independent Thought*
- *What’s Said:* Jared Bernard expresses concern that LLMs “plagiarize”
from papers and may foster a generation unable to think for itself.
- *The Reality:* LLMs work by predicting text based on learned
patterns—they sometimes echo phrases seen in training data without proper
attribution. This is a recognized limitation rather than a deliberate act
of plagiarism. Additionally, when used as an assistive tool rather than a
crutch, AI can augment human creativity and efficiency rather
than replace
critical thinking.
5.
*Expectation That AI Should Ask Clarifying Questions Like a Human Expert*
- *What’s Said:* John Grehan criticizes the system for not asking
whether he meant genus or species when he queried “Is Magnificus
monophyletic?”
- *The Reality:* Most current LLMs do not automatically ask
clarifying questions unless specifically designed to do so. They instead
generate the most statistically probable response given the prompt.
Expecting interactive clarification mimics human
conversation—but it isn’t
a built‐in feature of many LLMs as they’re typically deployed today.
6.
*Belief That Advancements Like “Deep Research” Will Replace Researchers
Entirely*
- *What’s Said:* Jared Bernard mentions that OpenAI’s “Deep Research”
might eventually replace researchers.
- *The Reality:* While automation in literature synthesis and data
analysis is progressing, the goal is to assist and enhance human
research—not to eliminate the need for critical human judgment and domain
expertise.
------------------------------
Where John Grehan Is Wrong
1.
*Misunderstanding the Nature of LLM Responses:*
- *Issue:* Grehan’s criticism that the answer to his query was “BS”
because it did not clarify the taxonomic level (genus vs. species)
overlooks the design of LLMs.
- *Clarification:* LLMs work by predicting likely continuations of
text. They do not “know” to ask clarifying questions unless they’re
specifically designed or prompted to do so. Expecting an LLM to
mirror the
interactive, context-sensitive process of an expert taxonomist sets an
unrealistically high bar for current technology.
2.
*Overgeneralizing from Inconsistent Responses:*
- *Issue:* Grehan cites different responses (one stating *Magnificus* is
polyphyletic, another monophyletic) as proof of AI’s inadequacy.
- *Clarification:* Variability in output can occur due to differences
in the underlying model version, prompt phrasing, or the probabilistic
nature of text generation. Rather than showing that the
technology “doesn’t
work,” such inconsistencies highlight the importance of using AI
outputs as
starting points that require expert validation and refinement.
3.
*Assuming Limited Data Equals Inherent Unreliability:*
- *Issue:* Grehan’s assertion that because AI may not access certain
paywalled or offline articles, its answers are “BS.”
- *Clarification:* While access to comprehensive data is crucial,
ongoing efforts in research are aimed at integrating more specialized
datasets into models. Moreover, even imperfect outputs can be
valuable when
used in combination with expert oversight.
------------------------------
How AI Can Be Used in Taxonomic and Biodiversity Research
Despite the concerns raised, AI (and LLMs in particular) holds considerable
promise for enhancing work in taxonomy, species description, and related
fields. Here are several key applications:
1. Taxonomic and Biodiversity Research
-
*Literature Mining & Data Extraction:*
AI can scan vast amounts of historical and current taxonomic literature
to extract species descriptions, synonymies, distribution data, and
morphological details. This can help build comprehensive databases and
identify trends or gaps in knowledge.
-
*Data Integration:*
Machine learning algorithms can integrate data from diverse sources
(e.g., genetic sequences, morphological records, ecological data) to
provide a more holistic view of biodiversity patterns.
-
*Species Distribution Modeling:*
AI-driven geospatial analysis can help predict species distributions and
assess changes over time, which is crucial for conservation planning and
understanding the effects of climate change.
2. New Species Descriptions
-
*Drafting Descriptions:*
LLMs can generate preliminary drafts of species descriptions by
synthesizing available data. Taxonomists can then refine these drafts,
ensuring adherence to standard nomenclatural protocols.
-
*Cross-Referencing:*
Automated tools can compare new findings against existing literature to
help confirm the novelty of a species and avoid redundant descriptions.
3. Taxonomic Monographs
-
*Compiling and Organizing Data:*
AI systems can assist in compiling literature, specimen data, and
previous research findings into structured formats, saving time in the
preparation of comprehensive monographs.
-
*Automated Consistency Checks:*
Tools can be designed to check for nomenclatural consistency, verify
synonymies, and flag discrepancies within large taxonomic compilations.
4. Checklists
-
*Dynamic Data Aggregation:*
AI can continuously harvest and integrate data from museums,
biodiversity databases (like GBIF), and published literature to keep
species checklists up to date.
-
*Error Detection & Standardization:*
Machine learning algorithms can identify potential errors or outdated
classifications in checklists, prompting updates and ensuring consistency
across databases.
5. Phylogenetic Research
-
*Data Analysis and Tree Inference:*
AI algorithms can process large-scale genetic and morphological datasets
to assist in constructing phylogenetic trees. They can help manage the
computational complexity involved in large datasets.
-
*Integrating Multiple Data Types:*
By combining molecular data with morphological and ecological data, AI
can help reconcile discrepancies and suggest more robust phylogenetic
hypotheses.
-
*Predictive Modeling:*
Machine learning models can be used to predict evolutionary
relationships and diversification patterns, offering new hypotheses for
empirical testing.
------------------------------
Conclusion
The concerns expressed in the email chain largely stem from misconceptions
about how AI and LLMs work and what their current limitations are. While
it’s true that LLMs do not “think” or interact in the nuanced way that
human experts do, they offer substantial potential to streamline and
enhance various aspects of taxonomic and biodiversity research. Rather than
replacing experts, AI tools can serve as valuable assistants—automating
routine tasks, synthesizing large datasets, and even helping draft
scientific texts—while leaving the critical interpretation and
decision-making to trained researchers. As the technology continues to
improve and more domain-specific models are developed, its contributions to
fields like taxonomy are likely to grow even more significant.
Cheers,
Vlad
--
Dr Vladimir Blagoderov, FLS, FRMS
Principal curator – Invertebrates
National Museums Scotland
Chambers Street
Edinburgh
EH1 1JF
National Museums Collection Centre
242 West Granton Road
Edinburgh
EH5 1JA
tel. +44(0)131 247 4261
e-mail:
*v.blagoderov at nms.ac.uk <vblagoderov at nms.ac.uk>*
vblago at gmail.com
Fungus Gnats Online:
https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciaroidea.info%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818846675%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=GgnSI05O2hevhv%2BUShTGH653fiFceXUpWYa9nHhRZZs%3D&reserved=0
On Mon, 3 Feb 2025 at 21:28, Dilrukshan Wijesinghe via Taxacom <
taxacom at lists.ku.edu> wrote:
> Would be interesting to see the results from posing the same real
> taxonomic questions to the most recent incarnation of OpenAI’s product and
> DeepSeek.
>
> Priyantha
>
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
> > On Feb 3, 2025, at 3:41 PM, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> taxacom at lists.ku.edu> wrote:
> >
> > Actually my first question was 'Is Magnificus monophyletic' The response
> > only referenced a species, not the genus (which is what I had in mind).
> > Something truly intelligent (and acquainted with taxonomy) would have
> asked
> > what taxonomic level, or at least whether genus or species, or even gave
> > both (which ironically is likely to happen if one typed Magnificus as a
> > keyword into a standard Google or equivalent search). I guess
> > eventually computer programming is going to get sophisticated enough to
> > write entire taxonomic papers - just give the data, or eventually a
> robotic
> > computer will also handle all the specimens and dissect, map DNA etc
> > without anyone being involved at all. Then there will be no human
> > taxonomists left to read the result. Of course if we're lucky some nut
> will
> > blow the world up before then.
> >
> > Cheers, John
> >
> >> On Mon, Feb 3, 2025 at 3:32 PM Scott Thomson <
> scott.thomson321 at gmail.com>
> >> wrote:
> >>
> >> Putting on my programmer hat for sec......
> >>
> >> The AI's are as good as they are taught to be. It takes time to "teach"
> >> them the information. The information being loaded into them is also not
> >> even. Maths and Engineering are first our fields not so much. I have
> >> dabbled every now and then writing prompts to teach ChatGTP taxonomic
> >> information. Remember when asking an AI for information you have to run
> a
> >> series of prompts to effectively teach it fields it has less
> information on.
> >>
> >> Cheers Scott
> >>
> >> On Mon, Feb 3, 2025 at 5:25 PM John Grehan via Taxacom <
> >> taxacom at lists.ku.edu> wrote:
> >>
> >>> Just goes to show that whatever one might use one might get different
> >>> results.Makes my point.
> >>>
> >>> On Mon, Feb 3, 2025 at 3:19 PM Roderic Page via Taxacom <
> >>> taxacom at lists.ku.edu> wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> Hi John,
> >>>>
> >>>> You might want to try that again. Using ChatGPT 4o I get:
> >>>>
> >>>> "Yes, the genus Magnificus is considered monophyletic. A 2021 study by
> >>>> Grehan et al. provided evidence supporting this by identifying unique
> >>>> morphological features shared among species within the genus.
> >>> Specifically,
> >>>> they noted a distinctive shape of the ergosterol sclerite in the
> >>> anterior
> >>>> abdominal region and a unique pseudoteguminal arm in the male
> genitalia.
> >>>> These shared characteristics suggest that all species within the genus
> >>>> Magnificus descend from a common ancestor, supporting its monophyly.”
> >>>>
> >>>> The answer includes a link to your paper in PubMed
> >>>> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F33756654%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818880400%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=73kzal8jshb6R3AbPKT6A4jc9QFIdiPH760HuJb0%2FzQ%3D&reserved=0
> >>>>
> >>>> Things are moving so fast that I'd resist making sweeping
> >>> generalisations
> >>>> just yet...
> >>>>
> >>>> Regards,
> >>>>
> >>>> Rod
> >>>>
> >>>> ---------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> Roderic Page
> >>>> Professor of Taxonomy
> >>>> School of Biodiversity, One Health, & Veterinary Medicine
> >>>> College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences
> >>>> Graham Kerr Building
> >>>> University of Glasgow
> >>>> Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
> >>>>
> >>>> Email: Roderic.Page at glasgow.ac.uk<mailto:Roderic.Page at glasgow.ac.uk>
> >>>> LinkedIn: https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fuk.linkedin.com%2Fin%2Frdmpage&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818903093%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=ZZ%2FXbU9Oc87hIEkz8O49imV9%2BLVVdrAWtaHUGVK9LsE%3D&reserved=0
> >>>> Twitter: https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Frdmpage&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818920540%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=wZ3mqSnyVChH9aBBsmrSBPSKKd4gE8w5Q2PcNbxiWmY%3D&reserved=0
> >>>> Telegram: rdmpage
> >>>> Blog: https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiphylo.blogspot.com%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818937180%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=qwrtRcAVfOycthD%2FVzoP96LJENb5Q8PfVbkWETpHurU%3D&reserved=0<https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiphylo.blogspot.com%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818952953%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=X7UHVmLZZWhEQjUFaX9cHQFQVQ2nC31ZclMXpxOL5yU%3D&reserved=0>
> >>>> ORCID: https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0002-7101-9767&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818967774%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=hayQ1biXaYkPVo%2BSANKP9mjGDAubLxMRLamZUYHTE9k%3D&reserved=0
> >>>> Citations:
> >>> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.co.uk%2Fcitations%3Fhl%3Den%26user%3D4Z5WABAAAAAJ&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754818982129%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=wI7lXHpZxLKNJJsJVQImonIrCVqm%2BajwB%2FgZvFMI91w%3D&reserved=0
> >>>> ResearchGate https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fprofile%2FRoderic_Page&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819003231%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=QDBEWFUxvuxAJtGpkgZQFUsTiuGh1uGirKsDDtu%2FcgQ%3D&reserved=0
> >>>> On 3 Feb 2025 at 19:46 +0000, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> >>>> taxacom at lists.ku.edu>, wrote:
> >>>> I find 'artificial intelligence' to be one of those metaphors that is
> >>> more
> >>>> about creating a state of reality than reality itself (a bit like the
> >>>> 'barcode' metaphor).
> >>>>
> >>>> Just for the heck of it, I asked Chatgpg "is the genus Magnificus
> >>>> monophyletic?" (this is a genus of ghost moths). Answer: "Based on
> >>> current
> >>>> research and taxonomic classification, *Magnificus* is *not considered
> >>>> monophyletic*. In fact, it’s generally thought to be polyphyletic,
> >>> meaning
> >>>> that the species within the genus do not all share a single common
> >>> ancestor
> >>>> exclusive to that group. They are often found to be more closely
> >>> related to
> >>>> species in other genera than to each other."
> >>>>
> >>>> This is about as much BS that anyone could invent. I think it shows
> that
> >>>> the 'intelligence' of a computer is only as good as its sources. I
> >>> expect
> >>>> in taxonomy its sources are quite limited - especially if articles are
> >>> not
> >>>> open access or otherwise posted on the web.
> >>>>
> >>>> In another time wasting exercises (relatively speaking I don't have
> that
> >>>> much time left, so might as well waste some of it :) I asked 'what is
> >>>> panbiogeography' . In one answer I was told that I created
> >>> panbiogeography,
> >>>> in another question it was Michael Heads who created it. Of course
> >>> neither
> >>>> is correct, and I guess 1958 sinks to the bottom of the swamp where AI
> >>> does
> >>>> not dare to tread.
> >>>>
> >>>> Is there no hope for civilization?
> >>>>
> >>>> Cheers,
> >>>>
> >>>> John Grehan
> >>>>
> >>>> --
> >>>> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhepialidsoftheworld.com.au%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819022305%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=A%2BgWnvxlKcAZvcUb%2Fu0JzBfoRdw%2B1vQl9HurPpe88VU%3D&reserved=0 (use the 'visit archived web
> site'
> >>>> link, then the 'Ghost Moth Research page' link.
> >>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>> Taxacom Mailing List
> >>>>
> >>>> Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for 38 years, 1987-2025.
> >>>>
> >>>> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at lists.ku.edu
> >>>> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> >>>> https://lists.ku.edu/listinfo/taxacom
> >>>> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> >>> taxacom-owner at lists.ku.edu
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>> Taxacom Mailing List
> >>>>
> >>>> Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for 38 years, 1987-2025.
> >>>>
> >>>> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at lists.ku.edu
> >>>> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> >>>> https://lists.ku.edu/listinfo/taxacom
> >>>> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> >>> taxacom-owner at lists.ku.edu
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>> --
> >>> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhepialidsoftheworld.com.au%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819046027%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=hzy1JUCP39Q9L%2F13uuYkGY93PhZ%2Bj2bGQhKb8UYvgoY%3D&reserved=0 (use the 'visit archived web site'
> >>> link, then the 'Ghost Moth Research page' link.
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> Taxacom Mailing List
> >>>
> >>> Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for 38 years, 1987-2025.
> >>>
> >>> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at lists.ku.edu
> >>> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> >>> https://lists.ku.edu/listinfo/taxacom
> >>> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> taxacom-owner at lists.ku.edu
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>
> >> --
> >> Scott Thomson
> >>
> >> Centro de Estudos dos Quelônios da Amazônia - CEQUA
> >> Petrópolis, Manaus
> >> State of Amazonas, 69055-010
> >> Brasil
> >>
> >> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.carettochelys.com%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819078111%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=E2ikNLQjp0SNHfspNvjodeUHQFpXmnQMVPnZzcMV1Ao%3D&reserved=0
> >> ORCID: https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0003-1279-2722&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819103390%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=1SK0TTKLkX515dI2anfDbh2%2FuSUtAcRDPENPv6T2vVA%3D&reserved=0
> >> Lattes: *https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flattes.cnpq.br%2F0323517916624728*&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819122820%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=KuRC6QKVAOG8vkrTuygLNZ%2ByKV6fYPG2uBH0vPByDlc%3D&reserved=0
> >> <
> https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwwws.cnpq.br%2Fcvlattesweb%2FPKG_MENU.menu%3Ff_cod%3D1E409F4BF37BFC4AD13FD58CDB7AA5FD%23&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819141958%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=SuPKRWmWrlZSb3E%2BIoj1%2BxMFJrPf%2FXzYtNEz8vhXKNM%3D&reserved=0
> >
> >> Skype: Faendalimas
> >> Mobile Phone Brasil: +55 11 98178 7270
> >> Whatsapp: +55 11 98178 7270
> >>
> >>
> >
> > --
> > https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhepialidsoftheworld.com.au%2F&data=05%7C02%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C25178c6c1531409c185e08dd45261042%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638742754819179129%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C40000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=9FeKfyfGpxqZy0%2BnpMO61FrvlNBeUb4gAqc2dEdnd8o%3D&reserved=0 (use the 'visit archived web site'
> > link, then the 'Ghost Moth Research page' link.
> > _______________________________________________
> > Taxacom Mailing List
> >
> > Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for 38 years, 1987-2025.
> >
> > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at lists.ku.edu
> > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> https://lists.ku.edu/listinfo/taxacom
> > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> taxacom-owner at lists.ku.edu
> >
> >
>
> _______________________________________________
> Taxacom Mailing List
>
> Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for 38 years, 1987-2025.
>
> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at lists.ku.edu
> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> https://lists.ku.edu/listinfo/taxacom
> You can reach the person managing the list at: taxacom-owner at lists.ku.edu
>
>
>
More information about the Taxacom
mailing list