Taxacom: Clarification RE e-publication (zoology) - new name has ZooBank LSID (or doesn't), publication does not

Sat Mar 25 16:42:58 CDT 2023

 Hi Rich, That was the long version of my shorter answer! It is interesting that even someone as deeply immersed in end-user nomenclature as Tony, didn't quite understand the Code requirements properly. That should tell you something! For me, the more interesting and important issue is how names should be treated which fail on a nomenclatural technicality, but which are associated with solid taxonomic treatments. My view is that they can be simply treated as if they were validly proposed, at least until some sort of priority clash arises with other, definitely validly proposed names for the same taxa. What do you think?Cheers, Stephen
    On Sunday, 26 March 2023 at 09:54:49 am NZDT, Richard Pyle via Taxacom <taxacom at lists.ku.edu> wrote:  

 Hi Tony,

> - The Code requires the work in which a new taxon name is proposed to have an
> associated (and valid) ZooBank LSID stated in the publication itself, but LSIDs for
> new taxa are optional (although desirable)

This is more or less correct.  The actual rule (Art. 8.5.3) is:
"8.5.3. [An electronically published work must] be registered in the Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature (ZooBank) (see Article 78.2.4) and contain evidence in the work itself that such registration has occurred."

There is also this "Examples" associated with this Article:
"Evidence of registration is given by stating information that would be known only if the registration has occurred, such as the exact date of registration or the registration number assigned to the work or to a new name or nomenclatural act introduced in the work. A work issued as a PDF may contain the registration number as an embedded hyperlink. Even if the registration number is not visible in the normal viewing mode of the file or when the work is printed from the file, it is deemed to be cited in the work itself because the text of the hyperlink can easily be revealed using standard software for viewing PDFs."

So, to paraphrase this in simpler terms:
1) The work must be registered in ZooBank prior to it being published;
2) Evidence of registration must be included within the work itself.

Obviously, #2 can't be achieved without #1.  But the slight variance from what you wrote above is that inclusion of the LSID (or just the UUID part) for the publication is only one way that such "evidence" can be presented within the work itself.  Another example is a statement about the date and time when the work was registered.  Also, inclusion of an LSID/UUID for a name (but not the work) counts, because it's not possible to register a species without first registering the work.  As you say, registration of the new names is always optional, but they can play a role in fulfilling the requirement if the names are registered (voluntarily), and an LSID/UUID for a new name is included in the work, but the LSID/UUID for the work itself is not included in the work.

It sounds a bit convoluted, but it's actually pretty simple (see #1 and #2 above).

> - Conversely, new names in a work in which a new taxon has an associated visible
> ZooBank LSID, but the work itself does not, are not effectively published until the
> print version appears?

I'm not entirely sure what you mean here by "a new taxon has an associated visible ZooBank LSID", but if you mean cases when an LSID/UUID for a name are included in a work, but the LSID/UUID for the work itself is not, that still fulfills the "evidence" requirement, so the electronic work would be "effectively published" in that case (and the names contained therein regarded as available -- at least assuming all other rules have been fulfilled). Also, in terms of "visible"; note that the evidence does not itself need to be visible in a normally formatted PDF (e.g., it can be embedded within a hyperlink that is itself not visible).

> As an example of the latter, I have before me the new genus name Yanjisuchus,
> [...] (currently "held but not publicly visible" in ZooBank).

Ah!  OK, if by "visible" you mean "visible on the ZooBank website", then this has no bearing on Code rules or availability.  As a precaution, all registriations for works/names not yet published are treated as "In Press" and are not publicly visible on the ZooBank website.  This is to prevent names from being seen and used by others before they are actually published.  Only Administrators and Editors of ZooBank, as well as the person who created the registration or any author of the work that is a "verified" user can see these "In Press" records, and only when they are logged in to ZooBank.  These records only become publicly visible when they are later updated to include the publication date (after they are published0.  Of corse, there are MANY records in ZooBank where the work is published, but the record is never updated to include a publication date.  When these are brought to my attention, I update the records (and I know other ZooBank Editors and Administrators do the same).

In any case, the important thing here (from the perspective of the Code and in terms of availability) is whether/when the work was *registered* (i.e., the LSID/UUID assigned; at the moment when the record was created in ZooBank), and whether evidence for such was included within the work itself.

Now, the particular example you gave is a good one, for a couple of reasons.  Indeed, the ZooBank record for this work had not been updated to reflect the publication date, so it was still indicated as "In Press", and therefore was not visible to the public.  According to the PDF (https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpar.nsf.gov%2Fservlets%2Fpurl%2F10382777&data=05%7C01%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C2cff731c49dc45c93f4e08db2d79e9b2%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638153773873358937%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=cQqn35SoKY2zA2cD11cn4Y9g1%2FMnkdFTb%2B%2FZI%2FVJc8s%3D&reserved=0), it was publishe donline on 2 September 2021 (as you noted), so I have updated the ZooBank record to reflect this, and the record is now publicly visible, as you can see here:
https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzoobank.org%2FD04246BB-E938-486E-ABFB-DCA2AE819A85&data=05%7C01%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C2cff731c49dc45c93f4e08db2d79e9b2%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638153773873358937%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=kyffrrx9U%2BH7D%2BgRTJryAO1Ioknck%2Fpd7bWQw4oYpUQ%3D&reserved=0
You can see the date and time when this work was registered by pointing your mouse at the orange LSID symbol near the top of the page. It was registered on 29 July 2021, and therefore prior to publication (i.e., part #1 of the rule fulfilled).  The work also contains the registration number for a name included within the work itself ("urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C0F36066-D6AD-4FA7-A8C9-1DA81D424459", under the heading "Yanjisuchus longshanensis sp. nov."). So. Part #2 of the rule is fulfilled, because evidence of registration is included in the work itself (see above).

But here's where it gets interesting.  There are two errors in the way this LSID is presented.  First, there is an space between the last colon of the LSID and the UUID part of the LSID.  This, of course, doesn't affect availability, because the UUID by itself represents the necessary evidence, so the "urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:" part isn't even necessary.  The second error is that this LSID/UUID actually is the registration number for the *genus* (Yanjisuchus), not the species (Y. )!
https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzoobank.org%2Fc0f36066-d6ad-4fa7-a8c9-1da81d424459&data=05%7C01%7Ctaxacom%40lists.ku.edu%7C2cff731c49dc45c93f4e08db2d79e9b2%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638153773873358937%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=Zv%2BzFC4V4Z3q%2F%2FK2DbNIHsaecbLEB5GP4n0FpHz%2BLAQ%3D&reserved=0
Is that a problem in terms of availability?  No -- because of Art. 8.5.3.3: "An error in stating the evidence of registration does not make a work unavailable, provided that the work can be unambiguously associated with a record created in the Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature before the work was published."

Indeed, the work *CAN* be unambiguously associated with a record created in ZooBank.

So, as far as I can see, the two names Yanjisuchus and Y. longshanensis are available from the electronic work published in accordance with the ICZN Code on 2 September 2021.

(Incidentally, I went ahead and registered the species as well... because that's what I do; not because it has any relevance to availability of the names.)

Sorry for the long email, but it's good to have these kinds of discussions on a public forum, to help clarify the rules of the Code.

Aloha,
Rich

Richard L. Pyle, PhD
Senior Curator of Ichthyology | Director of XCoRE
Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum
1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, HI 96817-2704
Office: (808) 848-4115;  Fax: (808) 847-8252
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Taxacom <taxacom-bounces at lists.ku.edu> On Behalf Of Tony Rees via
> Taxacom
> Sent: Saturday, March 25, 2023 9:22 AM
> To: taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Taxacom: Clarification RE e-publication (zoology) - new name has
> ZooBank LSID (or doesn't), publication does not
> 
> Dear all,
> 
> Just checking that my understanding of the requirements for e-publication as per
> the current ICZN Code is correct...
> 
> - The Code requires the work in which a new taxon name is proposed to have an
> associated (and valid) ZooBank LSID stated in the publication itself, but LSIDs for
> new taxa are optional (although desirable)
> 
> - Conversely, new names in a work in which a new taxon has an associated visible
> ZooBank LSID, but the work itself does not, are not effectively published until the
> print version appears?
> 
> As an example of the latter, I have before me the new genus name Yanjisuchus,
> published by Rummy, Wu, Clark, Zhao, Jin, Shibata, Jin & Xu in the journal
> Cretaceous Research, 129, Jan 2022: 1-23. The new genus does not have a
> ZooBank LSID stated, although its sole included species, Yanjisuchus
> longshanensis, does: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
> C0F36066-D6AD-4FA7-A8C9-1DA81D424459 (currently "held but not publicly
> visible" in ZooBank). The journal volume that includes the paper is dated 2022,
> but the work appeared online in 2021 (2 September), however does not appear
> to have any registered ZooBank LSID (unless I have missed it of course).
> 
> From the above I conclude that both the genus (with no ZooBank
> registration) and the species (with ZooBank registration) must be considered as
> published in 2022 for nomenclatural purposes, not 2021; if, however, the work
> itself bore a ZooBank LSID then both the new genus and the new species would
> bear the publication date 2021, even though only one of the new taxa (the
> species but not the new genus) was registered in ZooBank at the time...
> 
> Just seeking some confirmation from others more expert than myself in this area
> that this conclusion is correct!
> 
> Regards - Tony
> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
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