[Taxacom] Taxacom Digest, Vol 165, Issue 3
Peter A Rauch
peterar at berkeley.edu
Fri Jan 3 13:21:34 CST 2020
Neontology - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Neontology
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neontology>
*Neontology* is a part of biology that, in contrast to paleontology, deals
with living (or, more generally, recent) organisms. It is the study of
extant taxa (singular: extant taxon): taxa (such as species, genera and
families) with members still alive, as opposed to (all) being extinct.
neontology - Wiktionary
https://en.wiktionary.org › wiki › neontology
<https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neontology>
Noun. *neontology* (uncountable) (biology) The study of organisms living in
the current era, as opposed to organisms that are extinct.
Neontology | Definition of Neontology by Merriam-Webster
https://www.merriam-webster.com › dictionary › neontology
<https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neontology>
*Neontology* definition is - the study of recent organisms —distinguished
from paleontology.
On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 10:25 AM Krishtalka, Leonard via Taxacom <
taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> Quick question:
>
> What is the equivalent of "paleobiology" for the study of living
> organisms? Neontology? It's not "neobiology", which has already been
> captured for a different concept.
>
> Kris
>
>
>
>
>
>
> L. Krishtalka
> Director, Biodiversity Institute
> Professor, Dept. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
> University of Kansas
> Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd
> Lawrence, KS 66045-7561
> phone: 785-864-4540
> fax: 785-864-5335
> krishtalka at ku.edu <applewebdata://A3FF0F52-D4E5-402D-A1FB-68E1D22DB53C/
> krishtalka at ku.edu>
> https://amazon.com/author/leonardkrishtalka
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On 1/3/20, 12:00 PM, "Taxacom on behalf of
> taxacom-request at mailman.nhm.ku.edu" <taxacom-bounces at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> on behalf of taxacom-request at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
>
> Daily News from the Taxacom Mailing List
>
> When responding to a message, please do not copy the entire digest
> into your reply.
> ____________________________________
>
>
> Today's Topics:
>
> 1. is different ending for gender a synonym (John Grehan)
> 2. Re: is different ending for gender a synonym (Tony Rees)
> 3. Re: is different ending for gender a synonym (Gurcharan Singh)
> 4. Re: is different ending for gender a synonym (Thomas Pape)
> 5. Re: is different ending for gender a synonym
> (Francisco Welter-Schultes)
> 6. Re: is different ending for gender a synonym (John Grehan)
>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Thu, 2 Jan 2020 23:15:23 -0500
> From: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com>
> To: taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID:
> <CADN0ud3w6XF7i+tLLc0nDE0VxDpE6tEJsRFDpgRh=
> g5-fqToEw at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>
> I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> curious to
> know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that should be
> listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus which was
> later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to match the
> gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author along
> with
> some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> original.
> I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether these
> names
> are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list hyperborea as a
> synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a taxonomic
> website https://ftp.funet.fi/
>
> So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of personal
> viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
>
> Thanks for any input on this.
>
> John Grehan
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Fri, 3 Jan 2020 16:26:36 +1100
> From: Tony Rees <tonyrees49 at gmail.com>
> To: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com>
> Cc: taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID:
> <CABEjCKMPsN3jhXJFMzQgJ0OHEkoBSmCqa+PiWTDWVVS=
> tAGSKA at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>
> Hi John,
>
> Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to be a
> different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a different
> authority and based on a different type) but a variant or incorrect
> orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender
> agreement
> would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms list in
> my
> view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may not
> technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative combinations,
> etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names that
> have
> been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict sense.
> Just
> my 2 cents of course...
>
> Regards - Tony
>
> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> https://about.me/TonyRees
>
>
> On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
>
> > I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> curious to
> > know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> > gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that should be
> > listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus which
> was
> > later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to match
> the
> > gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author
> along with
> > some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> > reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> original.
> > I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether these
> names
> > are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list hyperborea as
> a
> > synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a taxonomic
> > website https://ftp.funet.fi/
> >
> > So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of personal
> > viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
> >
> > Thanks for any input on this.
> >
> > John Grehan
> > _______________________________________________
> > Taxacom Mailing List
> >
> > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> > http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> > taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> > http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >
> > Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 3
> Date: Fri, 3 Jan 2020 12:22:27 +0530
> From: Gurcharan Singh <singhg45 at gmail.com>
> To: Tony Rees <tonyrees49 at gmail.com>
> Cc: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com>, taxacom
> <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID:
> <
> CAHiXKpWbmXLhV0JV4UxjNbzxM2x9QOg1fCc_SDF3dzbtfKvP1Q at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>
> I would say all objective synonyms based on same type (which obviously
> they
> are), with same epithet (subject to change linked with gender of
> generic
> name). One would be accepted name based taxonomic judgement (to which
> genus
> species should be assigned), others listed as its synonyms.That is a
> common
> practice in plant names also.
>
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazoryctra_hyperboreus
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Dr. Gurcharan Singh
> Retired Associate Professor
> SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
> Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
> Mob: 9810359089
> https://sing96.wixsite.com/mysite-1
>
>
> On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 10:56 AM Tony Rees via Taxacom <
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
>
> > Hi John,
> >
> > Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to be a
> > different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a different
> > authority and based on a different type) but a variant or incorrect
> > orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender
> agreement
> > would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms list
> in my
> > view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may not
> > technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative
> combinations,
> > etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names
> that have
> > been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict
> sense. Just
> > my 2 cents of course...
> >
> > Regards - Tony
> >
> > Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> > https://about.me/TonyRees
> >
> >
> > On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> > taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> >
> > > I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> curious
> > to
> > > know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> > > gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that should
> be
> > > listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus which
> was
> > > later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to match
> the
> > > gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author
> along
> > with
> > > some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> > > reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> original.
> > > I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether
> these names
> > > are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list hyperborea
> as a
> > > synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a
> taxonomic
> > > website https://ftp.funet.fi/
> > >
> > > So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of
> personal
> > > viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
> > >
> > > Thanks for any input on this.
> > >
> > > John Grehan
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Taxacom Mailing List
> > >
> > > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to:
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> > > http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> > > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> > > taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > > The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> > > http://taxacom.markmail.org
> > >
> > > Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> > >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Taxacom Mailing List
> >
> > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> > http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> > taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> > http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >
> > Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 4
> Date: Fri, 3 Jan 2020 12:46:06 +0000
> From: Thomas Pape <tpape at snm.ku.dk>
> To: 'taxacom' <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID:
>
> <2D32F21F902B0140BC538F0EA4B5CE200185F20808 at P1KITMBX03WC02.unicph.domain>
>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> A synonym is one of two or more names of the same rank used to denote
> the same taxonomic taxon.
> Lists of synonyms usually include names in their correct original
> spelling and in their original combination (the basionym in botany).
>
> Epialus hyperboreus Moschler, 1826 and Gazoryctra hyperborea
> (Moschler, 1826) are not synonyms but different combinations of the same
> species-group name.
> "hyperboreus" and "hyperborea" are different spellings of the same
> name.
>
> Thomas
>
> Thomas Pape, Natural History Museum of Denmark
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Taxacom <taxacom-bounces at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> On Behalf Of Tony
> Rees via Taxacom
> Sent: 3. januar 2020 06:27
> To: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com>
> Cc: taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
>
> Hi John,
>
> Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to be a
> different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a different
> authority and based on a different type) but a variant or incorrect
> orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender agreement
> would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms list in my
> view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may not
> technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative combinations,
> etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names that have
> been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict sense. Just
> my 2 cents of course...
>
> Regards - Tony
>
> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> https://about.me/TonyRees
>
>
> On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
>
> > I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> > curious to know if there is a standard view of what happens with
> > different gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that
> > should be listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus
> hyperboreus
> > which was later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably
> to
> > match the gender, but then later the species was listed by the same
> > author along with some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra
> > hyperboreus, reflecting their view that species endings should stay
> with the original.
> > I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether these
> > names are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list
> > hyperborea as a synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a
> synonym
> > on a taxonomic website https://ftp.funet.fi/
> >
> > So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of personal
> > viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
> >
> > Thanks for any input on this.
> >
> > John Grehan
> > _______________________________________________
> > Taxacom Mailing List
> >
> > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> > http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> > taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> > http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >
> > Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >
> _______________________________________________
> Taxacom Mailing List
>
> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu The Taxacom email archive back to 1992
> can be searched at: http://taxacom.markmail.org
>
> Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 5
> Date: Fri, 3 Jan 2020 14:11:06 +0100
> From: Francisco Welter-Schultes <fwelter at gwdg.de>
> To: <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID: <d80e76d2-37c5-cef5-1e76-1ddc9bba955a at gwdg.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; format=flowed
>
> Dear John,
>
> I agree essentially with Tony.
>
> We have different concepts of synonymy in the science of naming
> organisms.
> The question about a name in the genus Gazoryctra is about the name of
> a
> lepidopteran animal which could complicate the answer (because in
> lepidopterology the required mandatory change of the gender agreement
> of
> the ICZN Code is usually not followed).
>
> From the point of view of nomenclature animals and plants follow
> different rules, established in independent Codes that can probably
> not
> be merged in the near future in this point.
> For names of species, in botany different genus-species combinations
> are
> considered synonyms, while in zoological nomenclature most experts
> regard only the specific name to judge the synonymy. The ICZN Code is
> currently not sufficiently clear on this point.
>
> Wikipedia (as mentioned by Gurcharan Singh) does not differentiate and
> WP authors may consider any different spelling and genus-species
> combination no matter if plant or animal as a synonym. Even the same
> name in the same spelling combined with a different author and year
> (nomenclaturally taken a subsequent use of a name) can be considered a
> synonym in WP. This matter is treated arbitrarily and inconsistently,
> it
> differs among various language versions of WP and also within a
> language
> version.
>
> A changed ending following a mandatory change (ICZN Code Arts. 31.2
> and
> 34.2) produces the same name with a changed ending (provided that the
> change is correctly performed). So it would not fall under the
> Glossary's definition of a "synonym" which is defined as a term to
> denote the relationship between two names (not two spellings of the
> same
> name).
>
> If the ending was erroneously changed under the assumption it would be
> mandatory under the currently valid rules, then this should be judged
> an
> incorrect subsequent spelling. This falls under Art. 33.3, it is a
> different spelling of the same name. Also this is not an available
> name
> standing for itself (other than an emendation), and the two versions
> of
> the name are not synonyms under the Glossary's definition of a synonym.
>
> In Lepidoptera the experts usually apply a convention by which the
> mandatory change as required by Art. 34.2 is set aside and no change
> in
> the ending is performed. The next edition of the ICZN Code might
> eventually add some new rules to provide a legal frame for this
> practice, so it can be useful for our considerations to act as if this
> was already correctly applied nomenclature.
> In any case such a subsequent change of an ending in a lepidopteran
> specific name, no matter if following Art. 34.2 correctly or not,
> would
> be an incorrect subsequent spelling of the original name, so the two
> spelling versions would not be synonyms in zoological nomenclature.
>
> Taxonomic websites like funet.fi provide useful information for
> people
> interested in animals. So if these website providers record that a
> name
> of a species is poking around in the internet in two different gender
> endings, it is useful to inform the user about this, so that those who
> like to find information on this species are alerted to look for the
> name in both endings. They might call these versions "synonyms".
>
> I consider it very useful to provide such information for the public.
>
> If you are compiling a taxonomic nomenclator you might eventually have
> a
> different scope, so the selection of the term "synonym" may depend on
> the intention. So if you intend to be more attached to the ICZN Code
> you
> might differentiate between "nomenclatural synonyms", "different
> genus-species combinations" and "different spellings of the same
> specific name".
>
> Hope this helps a little, Happy New Year and the best for 2020
>
> Francisco
>
>
>
> Am 03.01.2020 um 07:52 schrieb Gurcharan Singh via Taxacom:
> > I would say all objective synonyms based on same type (which
> obviously they
> > are), with same epithet (subject to change linked with gender of
> generic
> > name). One would be accepted name based taxonomic judgement (to
> which genus
> > species should be assigned), others listed as its synonyms.That is a
> common
> > practice in plant names also.
> >
> > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazoryctra_hyperboreus
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Dr. Gurcharan Singh
> > Retired Associate Professor
> > SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
> > Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
> > Mob: 9810359089
> > https://sing96.wixsite.com/mysite-1
> >
> >
> > On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 10:56 AM Tony Rees via Taxacom <
> > taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> >
> >> Hi John,
> >>
> >> Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to be a
> >> different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a different
> >> authority and based on a different type) but a variant or incorrect
> >> orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender
> agreement
> >> would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms list
> in my
> >> view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may
> not
> >> technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative
> combinations,
> >> etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names
> that have
> >> been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict
> sense. Just
> >> my 2 cents of course...
> >>
> >> Regards - Tony
> >>
> >> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> >> https://about.me/TonyRees
> >>
> >>
> >> On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> >> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> >>
> >>> I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> curious
> >> to
> >>> know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> >>> gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that should
> be
> >>> listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus which
> was
> >>> later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to match
> the
> >>> gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author
> along
> >> with
> >>> some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> >>> reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> original.
> >>> I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether
> these names
> >>> are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list hyperborea
> as a
> >>> synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a
> taxonomic
> >>> website https://ftp.funet.fi/
> >>>
> >>> So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of
> personal
> >>> viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
> >>>
> >>> Thanks for any input on this.
> >>>
> >>> John Grehan
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> Taxacom Mailing List
> >>>
> >>> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to:
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> >>> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> >>> http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> >>> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> >>> taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> >>> The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> >>> http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >>>
> >>> Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >>>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> Taxacom Mailing List
> >>
> >> Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to:
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> >> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> >> http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> >> You can reach the person managing the list at:
> >> taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> >> The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> >> http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >>
> >> Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >>
> > _______________________________________________
> > Taxacom Mailing List
> >
> > Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit:
> http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/taxacom
> > You can reach the person managing the list at:
> taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> > The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at:
> http://taxacom.markmail.org
> >
> > Nurturing nuance while assaulting ambiguity for 32 some years,
> 1987-2019.
> >
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 6
> Date: Fri, 3 Jan 2020 11:56:36 -0500
> From: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com>
> To: Francisco Welter-Schultes <fwelter at gwdg.de>
> Cc: taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym
> Message-ID:
> <
> CADN0ud3cM7MEuOEpFCtrAsXTa_wTSus0s9nJCw-h7uqAH+yBKQ at mail.gmail.com>
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>
> I am most grateful for the excellent feedback. Not sure I am much the
> wiser, but it helps a lot to have these broader reflections. If I
> distill
> this down correctly I see three classes of synonyms:
>
> 1. taxonomic (if that is the correct term) where a named taxon is
> recognized as being the same as another.
> 2. misspellings of a name (which in Lepidoptera that I work with has
> been
> widely accepted as synonyms)
> 3. Alternate spellings such as with gender which may or may not be
> considered synonyms.
>
> I may be able to take an easy way out since this list is subject to an
> editor on format and content and so perhaps I will just go with what
> the
> editor wants either way.
>
> Thanks. John Grehan
>
> On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 8:11 AM Francisco Welter-Schultes via Taxacom <
> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
>
> > Dear John,
> >
> > I agree essentially with Tony.
> >
> > We have different concepts of synonymy in the science of naming
> organisms.
> > The question about a name in the genus Gazoryctra is about the name
> of a
> > lepidopteran animal which could complicate the answer (because in
> > lepidopterology the required mandatory change of the gender
> agreement of
> > the ICZN Code is usually not followed).
> >
> > From the point of view of nomenclature animals and plants follow
> > different rules, established in independent Codes that can probably
> not
> > be merged in the near future in this point.
> > For names of species, in botany different genus-species combinations
> are
> > considered synonyms, while in zoological nomenclature most experts
> > regard only the specific name to judge the synonymy. The ICZN Code is
> > currently not sufficiently clear on this point.
> >
> > Wikipedia (as mentioned by Gurcharan Singh) does not differentiate
> and
> > WP authors may consider any different spelling and genus-species
> > combination no matter if plant or animal as a synonym. Even the same
> > name in the same spelling combined with a different author and year
> > (nomenclaturally taken a subsequent use of a name) can be considered
> a
> > synonym in WP. This matter is treated arbitrarily and
> inconsistently, it
> > differs among various language versions of WP and also within a
> language
> > version.
> >
> > A changed ending following a mandatory change (ICZN Code Arts. 31.2
> and
> > 34.2) produces the same name with a changed ending (provided that the
> > change is correctly performed). So it would not fall under the
> > Glossary's definition of a "synonym" which is defined as a term to
> > denote the relationship between two names (not two spellings of the
> same
> > name).
> >
> > If the ending was erroneously changed under the assumption it would
> be
> > mandatory under the currently valid rules, then this should be
> judged an
> > incorrect subsequent spelling. This falls under Art. 33.3, it is a
> > different spelling of the same name. Also this is not an available
> name
> > standing for itself (other than an emendation), and the two versions
> of
> > the name are not synonyms under the Glossary's definition of a
> synonym.
> >
> > In Lepidoptera the experts usually apply a convention by which the
> > mandatory change as required by Art. 34.2 is set aside and no change
> in
> > the ending is performed. The next edition of the ICZN Code might
> > eventually add some new rules to provide a legal frame for this
> > practice, so it can be useful for our considerations to act as if
> this
> > was already correctly applied nomenclature.
> > In any case such a subsequent change of an ending in a lepidopteran
> > specific name, no matter if following Art. 34.2 correctly or not,
> would
> > be an incorrect subsequent spelling of the original name, so the two
> > spelling versions would not be synonyms in zoological nomenclature.
> >
> > Taxonomic websites like funet.fi provide useful information for
> people
> > interested in animals. So if these website providers record that a
> name
> > of a species is poking around in the internet in two different gender
> > endings, it is useful to inform the user about this, so that those
> who
> > like to find information on this species are alerted to look for the
> > name in both endings. They might call these versions "synonyms".
> >
> > I consider it very useful to provide such information for the public.
> >
> > If you are compiling a taxonomic nomenclator you might eventually
> have a
> > different scope, so the selection of the term "synonym" may depend on
> > the intention. So if you intend to be more attached to the ICZN Code
> you
> > might differentiate between "nomenclatural synonyms", "different
> > genus-species combinations" and "different spellings of the same
> > specific name".
> >
> > Hope this helps a little, Happy New Year and the best for 2020
> >
> > Francisco
> >
> >
> >
> > Am 03.01.2020 um 07:52 schrieb Gurcharan Singh via Taxacom:
> > > I would say all objective synonyms based on same type (which
> obviously
> > they
> > > are), with same epithet (subject to change linked with gender of
> generic
> > > name). One would be accepted name based taxonomic judgement (to
> which
> > genus
> > > species should be assigned), others listed as its synonyms.That is
> a
> > common
> > > practice in plant names also.
> > >
> > > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazoryctra_hyperboreus
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Dr. Gurcharan Singh
> > > Retired Associate Professor
> > > SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
> > > Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
> > > Mob: 9810359089
> > > https://sing96.wixsite.com/mysite-1
> > >
> > >
> > > On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 10:56 AM Tony Rees via Taxacom <
> > > taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> > >
> > >> Hi John,
> > >>
> > >> Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to
> be a
> > >> different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a
> different
> > >> authority and based on a different type) but a variant or
> incorrect
> > >> orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender
> > agreement
> > >> would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms
> list in my
> > >> view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may
> not
> > >> technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative
> combinations,
> > >> etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names
> that
> > have
> > >> been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict
> sense.
> > Just
> > >> my 2 cents of course...
> > >>
> > >> Regards - Tony
> > >>
> > >> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> > >> https://about.me/TonyRees
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> > >> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> > >>
> > >>> I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am
> curious
> > >> to
> > >>> know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> > >>> gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that
> should be
> > >>> listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus
> which was
> > >>> later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to
> match the
> > >>> gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author
> along
> > >> with
> > >>> some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> > >>> reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> > original.
> > >>> I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether
> these
> > names
> > >>> are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list
> hyperborea as a
> > >>> synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a
> taxonomic
> > >>> website https://ftp.funet.fi/
> > >>>
> > >>> So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of
> personal
> > >>> viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute
> synonyms?
> > >>>
> > >>> Thanks for any input on this.
> > >>>
> > >>> John Grehan
> > >>> _______________________________________________
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