[Taxacom] is different ending for gender a synonym

Fri Jan 3 12:52:03 CST 2020

And nomenclatural synonyms, those based on the same type (=homotypic synonyms) VS Taxonomic or heterotypic syn. 
M. Socorro Gonzalez-Eluzondo

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  El vie., 3 de ene de 2020 a la(s) 10:57 a. m., John Grehan via Taxacom<taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> escribió:   I am most grateful for the excellent feedback. Not sure I am much the
wiser, but it helps a lot to have these broader reflections. If I distill
this down correctly I see three classes of synonyms:

1. taxonomic (if that is the correct term) where a named taxon is
recognized as being the same as another.
2. misspellings of a name (which in Lepidoptera that I work with has been
widely accepted as synonyms)
3. Alternate spellings such as with gender which may or may not be
considered synonyms.

I may be able to take an easy way out since this list is subject to an
editor on format and content and so perhaps I will just go with what the
editor wants either way.

Thanks. John Grehan

On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 8:11 AM Francisco Welter-Schultes via Taxacom <
taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:

> Dear John,
>
> I agree essentially with Tony.
>
> We have different concepts of synonymy in the science of naming organisms.
> The question about a name in the genus Gazoryctra is about the name of a
> lepidopteran animal which could complicate the answer (because in
> lepidopterology the required mandatory change of the gender agreement of
> the ICZN Code is usually not followed).
>
>  From the point of view of nomenclature animals and plants follow
> different rules, established in independent Codes that can probably not
> be merged in the near future in this point.
> For names of species, in botany different genus-species combinations are
> considered synonyms, while in zoological nomenclature most experts
> regard only the specific name to judge the synonymy. The ICZN Code is
> currently not sufficiently clear on this point.
>
> Wikipedia (as mentioned by Gurcharan Singh) does not differentiate and
> WP authors may consider any different spelling and genus-species
> combination no matter if plant or animal as a synonym. Even the same
> name in the same spelling combined with a different author and year
> (nomenclaturally taken a subsequent use of a name) can be considered a
> synonym in WP. This matter is treated arbitrarily and inconsistently, it
> differs among various language versions of WP and also within a language
> version.
>
> A changed ending following a mandatory change (ICZN Code Arts. 31.2 and
> 34.2) produces the same name with a changed ending (provided that the
> change is correctly performed). So it would not fall under the
> Glossary's definition of a "synonym" which is defined as a term to
> denote the relationship between two names (not two spellings of the same
> name).
>
> If the ending was erroneously changed under the assumption it would be
> mandatory under the currently valid rules, then this should be judged an
> incorrect subsequent spelling. This falls under Art. 33.3, it is a
> different spelling of the same name. Also this is not an available name
> standing for itself (other than an emendation), and the two versions of
> the name are not synonyms under the Glossary's definition of a synonym.
>
> In Lepidoptera the experts usually apply a convention by which the
> mandatory change as required by Art. 34.2 is set aside and no change in
> the ending is performed. The next edition of the ICZN Code might
> eventually add some new rules to provide a legal frame for this
> practice, so it can be useful for our considerations to act as if this
> was already correctly applied nomenclature.
> In any case such a subsequent change of an ending in a lepidopteran
> specific name, no matter if following Art. 34.2 correctly or not, would
> be an incorrect subsequent spelling of the original name, so the two
> spelling versions would not be synonyms in zoological nomenclature.
>
> Taxonomic websites like funet.fi provide useful information for people
> interested in animals. So if these website providers record that a name
> of a species is poking around in the internet in two different gender
> endings, it is useful to inform the user about this, so that those who
> like to find information on this species are alerted to look for the
> name in both endings. They might call these versions "synonyms".
>
> I consider it very useful to provide such information for the public.
>
> If you are compiling a taxonomic nomenclator you might eventually have a
> different scope, so the selection of the term "synonym" may depend on
> the intention. So if you intend to be more attached to the ICZN Code you
> might differentiate between "nomenclatural synonyms", "different
> genus-species combinations" and "different spellings of the same
> specific name".
>
> Hope this helps a little, Happy New Year and the best for 2020
>
> Francisco
>
>
>
> Am 03.01.2020 um 07:52 schrieb Gurcharan Singh via Taxacom:
> > I would say all objective synonyms based on same type (which obviously
> they
> > are), with same epithet (subject to change linked with gender of generic
> > name). One would be accepted name based taxonomic judgement (to which
> genus
> > species should be assigned), others listed as its synonyms.That is a
> common
> > practice in plant names also.
> >
> > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazoryctra_hyperboreus
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Dr. Gurcharan Singh
> > Retired  Associate Professor
> > SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
> > Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
> > Mob: 9810359089
> > https://sing96.wixsite.com/mysite-1
> >
> >
> > On Fri, Jan 3, 2020 at 10:56 AM Tony Rees via Taxacom <
> > taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> >
> >> Hi John,
> >>
> >> Technically it is not a synonym (in zoology, that would have to be a
> >> different epithet entirely, or perhaps the same one with a different
> >> authority and based on a different type) but a variant or incorrect
> >> orthography (according to the Code only the one that is in gender
> agreement
> >> would be correct). However you could include it in a synonyms list in my
> >> view, with an appropriate note - along with other things that may not
> >> technically be synonyms such as nomina nuda, alternative combinations,
> >> etc., which often also appear in "synonyms" lists (as other names that
> have
> >> been applied to this taxon) but are not synonyms in the strict sense.
> Just
> >> my 2 cents of course...
> >>
> >> Regards - Tony
> >>
> >> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> >> https://about.me/TonyRees
> >>
> >>
> >> On Fri, 3 Jan 2020 at 15:16, John Grehan via Taxacom <
> >> taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> wrote:
> >>
> >>> I'm compiling synonyms for species in a taxonomic list and I am curious
> >> to
> >>> know if there is a standard view of what happens with different
> >>> gender endings - whether they are considered synonyms that should be
> >>> listed. For example, Moschler 1826 named Epialus hyperboreus which was
> >>> later transferred to Gazoryctra as hperborea - presumably to match the
> >>> gender, but then later the species was listed by the same author along
> >> with
> >>> some others (Nielsen et al 2000) as  Gazoryctra hyperboreus,
> >>> reflecting their view that species endings should stay with the
> original.
> >>> I'm not worried about arguments over that choice, but whether these
> names
> >>> are formal synonyms. Nielsen et al (2000) did not list hyperborea as a
> >>> synonym, but I noticed that it was listed as a synonym on a taxonomic
> >>> website  https://ftp.funet.fi/
> >>>
> >>> So, is there any formal criterion or is it just a matter of personal
> >>> viewpoint as to whether the different endings constitute synonyms?
> >>>
> >>> Thanks for any input on this.
> >>>
> >>> John Grehan
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