[Taxacom] Long-distance oceanic dispersal (rafting) of Nothofagus species

[Michael Heads]

Ken,

the New Zealand + Tasmania distribution is not really 'odd'. From my 2014
book on Australasia:

Taxa restricted to Tasmania and New Zealand include the basal centipede
*Craterostigmus*

(Edgecombe and Giribet, 2008), and the plants *Archeria *(Ericaceae:
Styphelioideae),

*Pachycladon *(incl. *Cheesemania*; Brassicaceae), *Liparophyllum *
(Menyanthaceae)

and ‘*Oreoporanthera*’ (now included in *Poranthera*, Euphorbiaceae; only
found

in Nelson and south-western Tasmania; Orchard and Davies, 1985).
Tasmania–New

Zealand affinities in the fauna include the yponomeutoid moth *Proditrix*,
present in

New Zealand (feeding on monocots) and Tasmania (on *Dracophyllum *s.lat.;
Ericaceae;

McQuillan, 2003). Other yponomeutoids endemic to New Zealand and Tasmania
are

on conifers, for example *Chrysorthenches *(Dugdale, 1996). Other
conifer-feeding taxa

include a *Platycoelostoma *species (Hemiptera) in Tasmania with its sister
in subalpine

New Zealand (Gullan and Sjaarda, 2001).



On Mon, Jun 4, 2018 at 12:38 AM, Kenneth Kinman <kinman at hotmail.com> wrote:

> Hi Stephen,
>
>       But it could be somewhat scientifically testable if some organisms
> (mostly likely insects) have the same odd distribution in New Zealand and
> Tasmania (or adjacent Australia).  So I am hoping that some entomologist
> might know of insects that fit the bill.  And if there were more than one
> such organism, the more likely this dispersal scenario would become.
>
>        And note that I cited two different Nothofagus species groups with
> the same odd distribution (one in subgenus Lophozonia and the other in
> subgenus Fuscospora).  And those two dispersals could have happened at
> different times.  So that already increases the probability of dispersal.
> Anyway, at least Fred understood what I was suggesting:
> http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/pipermail/taxacom/2006-December/108388.html
>
>
> -----------------Ken
>
> ________________________________
> From: Stephen Thorpe <stephen_thorpe at yahoo.co.nz>
> Sent: Saturday, June 2, 2018 8:59 PM
> To: Kenneth Kinman
> Cc: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu
> Subject: Re: [Taxacom] Long-distance oceanic dispersal (rafting) of
> Nothofagus species
>
> "Could certain insects, mosses, or other organisms have hitched a ride on
> such a Nothofagus raft?"
>
> Impossible to rule out just about anything that doesn't constantly require
> running freshwater. If it happened during summer, there could be a
> desiccating effect, but at other times the amount of freshwater dampness
> could remain at acceptable levels.
>
> The problem though, as I see it, is that these dispersion events are
> entirely random and unpredictable, so it is hard to base much in the way of
> science on it.
>
> Stephen
>
> --------------------------------------------
> On Sun, 3/6/18, Kenneth Kinman <kinman at hotmail.com> wrote:
>
>  Subject: [Taxacom] Long-distance oceanic dispersal (rafting) of
> Nothofagus      species
>  To: "Kenneth Kinman" <kinman at hotmail.com>
>  Cc: "taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu" <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
>  Received: Sunday, 3 June, 2018, 1:51 PM
>
>  Hi all,
>
>  The recent thread got me thinking about a debate that some
>  of us were having on taxacom almost 12 years ago.  Namely
>  whether long-distance oceanic dispersal (by rafting) was a
>  significant factor in the geographic distribution of some
>  species of Nothofagus (sensu lato).
>
>   My hypothesis was that large rafts of dislodged Nothofagus
>  trees (due to tsunami or other massive flooding event) could
>  have held some of their fruit above the ocean surface and
>  rafted from Tasmania to New Zealand, where one or more  new
>  species could evolve (due to founder effect).  This would
>  be a relatively short rafting event compared to the much
>  longer driftwood oceanic rafting that happened from South
>  America to Tasmania: Barber, 1959, in the journal Nature;
>  "Transport of Driftwood from South America to
>  Tasmania". Is there other evidence that such dispersal
>  of Nothofagus could have happened? Could certain insects,
>  mosses, or other organisms have hitched a ride on such a
>  Nothofagus raft?
>
>                   --------------Ken Kinman
>  http://mailman.nhm.ku.edu/pipermail/taxacom/2006-December/108385.html
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-- 
Dunedin, New Zealand.

My books:

*Biogeography and evolution in New Zealand. *Taylor and Francis/CRC, Boca
Raton FL. 2017.
https://www.routledge.com/Biogeography-and-Evolution-in-New-Zealand/Heads/p/book/9781498751872


*Biogeography of Australasia:  A molecular analysis*. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge. 2014. www.cambridge.org/9781107041028


*Molecular panbiogeography of the tropics. *University of California Press,
Berkeley. 2012. www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520271968


*Panbiogeography: Tracking the history of life*. Oxford University Press,
New York. 1999. (With R. Craw and J. Grehan).
http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=Bm0_QQ3Z6GUC
<http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=Bm0_QQ3Z6GUC&dq=panbiogeography&source=gbs_navlinks_s>