Materials requested for Caryophyllaceae study by Warren L. Wagner, Molly Nepokroeff, Liz Zimmer, Steve Weller, and Ann Sakai

[Warren L. Wagner]

The endemic Hawaiian genera Schiedea and Alsinidendron
(Caryophyllaceae: Alsinoideae) consist of 33 species.  Since 1987, the
Hawaiian Alsinoideae have been the subject of intense morphological and
molecular studies to better understand the role of selection pressures in
the evolution of dioecy (i.e., separate male and female plants) on islands
using the historical perspective provided by phylogenetic analysis.  Recent
molecular phylogenetic analyses have failed, however, to identify the
closest relatives of the Hawaiian clade.  Relationships of the Hawaiian
clade to the rest of the subfamily Alsinoideae, and relationships within
the Alsinoideae are not clear.  We are undertaking a molecular phylogenetic
study to identify the closest relatives of the Hawaiian Alsinoideae and
provide a phylogenetic context for elucidating relationships within
subfamily Alsinoideae on a worldwide basis.  The proposed phylogenetic
studies represent the first to explicitly address infrafamilial
relationships within the Caryophyllaceae and will provide the necessary
framework for examining the systematic utility of characters used in
traditional classifications of the Alsinoideae and Caryophyllaceae.  We are
requesting assistance in obtaining vouchered material for the study.  We
are especially interested in fresh material or material in silica gel, or
if these are not possible then seeds.  If necessary we may be able to
reimburse for expenses incurred.  The following table is a listing of the
genera of subfamily Alsinoideae and outgroup taxa. If you can provide
material please contact Warren L. Wagner, Curator of Pacific Botany,
Department of Botany, MRC-166, National Museum of Natural History,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC  20560-0166, ph 202-786-2517, fax
202-786-2563, e-mail wagner.warren at nmnh.si.edu.  Please send material to
Molly Nepokroeff, Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Smithsonian Museum
Support Center, 4210 Silver Hill Rd., Suitland, MD  20746
(mollyn at onyx.si.edu)

______________________________

Genera to be sampled for phylogenetic analysis of Caryophyllaceae subfamily
Alsinoideae. One species per genus will be sampled, except for the complex
genera Minuartia and Arenaria.  We are including here only the taxa that we
still need for the study (ca. 1/2).

Caryophyllaceae subfamily Alsinoideae
Tribe 1. Alsineae
1.  Arenaria (ca. 150-200 spp.) N temperate, mts. South America and NE
Africa
 Arenaria subg. Leiosperma (ca. 32 spp.) New World, esp. Andes
(e.g., A. lanuginosa, A. megalantha; A. saxosa)

 Arenaria subg. Dicranilla (12 spp.) Mexico, Cent. America, and
Andean South America (e.g., A. dicranoides; A. bryoides)

 Arenaria subg. Porphyrantha (1 sp.) Pyrenees & Cantabrian Mts.

 Arenaria subg. Arenaria (ca. 100 spp.) Eurasia, U.S.A., and Africa
(e.g., A. biflora, A. bertolonii, A. ciliata)

 Arenaria subg. Arenariastrum (1 sp.) S France (A. provincialis)


 Arenaria subg. Ermogone (ca. 70 spp.) N temperate (e.g., A.
fendleri)

 Arenaria subg. Dolophragma (7 spp.) China, Himalayas (e.g., A.
polytrichoides)

 Arenaria subg. Solitaria (5 spp.) Asia (e.g., A. forrestii, A.
glanduligera, A. ramellata)

 Arenaria subg. Odontostemma (ca. 30 spp.) China, Himalayas (e.g.,
A. fridericae, A. ionandra, A. leucasteria)

2. Thylacospermum (1 sp.) Cent. and South Asia
3. Brachystemma (1 sp.) Himalayas, Vietnam, Laos, and China
4. Thurya (1 sp.) SW Asia
5. Bufonia (ca. 20 spp.) Canary Isl., Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian
region
6. Lepyrodiclis (3 spp.) Turkey to Himalayas
7. Moenchia (3 spp.) Europe
8. Pseudostellaria (16 spp.) Eurasia, 1 sp. North America
9. Holosteum (3-4 spp.) Eurasia
10. Myosoton (1 sp.) temperate Eurasia
11. Minuartia (ca. 120 spp.) N temperate & South America
 Minuartia subg. Rhodalsine (4 spp.) Mediterranean & E Africa (e.g.,
M. geniculata, M. gayana)

 Minuartia subg. Spergella (2 spp.) SW Asia (M. picta, M. formosa)

 Minuartia subg. Hymenella (1 sp.) Cent. Mexico (M. moehringioides)

 Minuartia subg. Minuartia (ca. 115 spp.) distribution same as genus
(e.g., M. aretioides, M. californica, M. caroliniana,  M. cerastiifolia, M.
dichotoma, M. glomerata, M. hamata, M. leucocephala, M. macrocarpa, M.
montana, M. mutabilis, M. nuttallii, M. obtusiloba, M. rubella,  M.
rupestris, M. sclerantha, M. sedoides, M. uniflora)

12. Wilhelmsia (1 sp.) arctic of E Asia and NW North America
13. Colobanthus (20 spp.) temperate South America, Australia, New
Zealand, Antarctica, south Pacific isl., and 1 sp. in Mexico
14. Reicheella (1 sp.) Chile
15. Plettkea (4 spp.) Andes of Peru
16. Pycnophyllopsis (2 spp.) Andes of Bolivia and montane Patagonia

Tribe 2. Pycnophylleae
17. Pycnophyllum (ca. 17 spp.) Andes
Tribe 3. Habrosieae
18. Habrosia (1 sp.) Syria, Iraq & W Iran

Tribe 4. Sclerantheae
19. Scleranthus (10 spp.) temperate Eurasia, Meditteranean, Ethiopia,
Australasia.
20. Pentastemonodiscus (1 sp.) Afganistan

Outgroups
Caryophyllaceae subfamily Paronychioideae
Spergula

Paronychia

Caryophyllaceae subfamily Caryophylloideae
Drypis

Agrostemma

Non Caryophyllaceae outgroups
Stegnospermataceae (or Phytolaccaceae)
Stegnosperma