[Taxacom] Author surname Clark or James-Clark? (Henry James Clark)

Fri Sep 24 22:57:13 CDT 2021

Dear all,

OK, I have been doing some more digging. As Valéry Malecot states in an
earlier post, Henry James Clark/Henry James-Clark was born to the Clark
family, thus it is presumed that originally his surname was Clark, however
he seems to have adopted "James-Clark" for his professional surname most
(but perhaps not all) of the time; nevertheless in the posthumous
biographical memoir by A.S. Packard, he is referred to as "Clark".

However, the clear majority of his authored taxa are in papers under the
stated authorship of "[Professor] H. James-Clark", as also per his
signature reproduced on the cited Wikipedia page. These cover the following
taxa (possibly a few missed) :

Order:
"Lucernariae H. James-Clark", 1863 [1]

Families:
"Cleistocarpidae H. James-Clark", 1863 [1] - elsewhere given in text as
"Cleistocarpidæ H. J. C."
"Eleutherocarpidae H. James-Clark", 1863 [1] - elsewhere given in text as
"Eleutherocarpidæ H. J. C."
Bicosoecoidae [H. James-Clark, 1868] [5]
Codosigoidae [H. James-Clark, 1868] [5]

Genera: as per Nomenclator Zoologicus entries:
Calvadosia      James-Clark 1863    Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4, 556.
 Coel   [1]
Craterolophus   James-Clark 1863    Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4, 539.
 Coel   [1]
Haliclystus     James-Clark 1863    Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4, 559.
 Coel   [1]
Halimocyathus   James-Clark 1863    Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4, 536.
 Coel   [1]
Manania         James-Clark 1863    Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4, 541.
 Coel   [1]

Bicosoeca       James-Clark 1866    Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 11, 16.
Prot   [2]
Codonoeca       James-Clark 1866    Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 11, 16.
Prot   [2]
Codosiga        James-Clark 1866    Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 11, 16.
Prot   [2]          (**Amer. J. Sci. 92 in ING [4])
Salpingoeca     James-Clark 1866    Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 11, 17.
Prot (Flag.).   [2] (**Amer. J. Sci. 92 in ING [4])

Heteromastix    Clark 1865          Mind Nat., 146.
Prot   [3]

Species: (possibly not all located)
"Calvadosia campanulata H. James-Clark" [1]
"Craterolophus tethys H. James-Clark" [1]
"Haliclystus auricula H. James-Clark" [1]
"Haliclystus salpinx H. James-Clark" [1]
"Haliclystus octoradiatus H. James-Clark" [1]
"Halimocyathus platypus H. James-Clark" [1]

Heteromastix proteiformis Clark, 1865 [3]

Bicosoeca gracilipes H. James-Clark, 1868 [5]
Bicosoeca laustris H. James-Clark, 1868 [5]
Codosiga pulcherrimus H. James-Clark, 1868 [5]
Monas neglecta H. James-Clark, 1868 [5]
Salpingoeca gracilis H. James-Clark, 1868 [5]

>From the above I would infer that the "correct" authorship for the majority
of the above taxa would be "James-Clark", not "Clark" (or H.J. Clark); the
exceptions being Heteromastix (genus) and Heteromastix proteiformis
(species), both published under the authorship "Clark" (or H.J. Clark).

What do folk think of the above conclusion?

Regards - Tony

Here are the relevant references, with authorship as printed i.e. [sic]:

[1] "Art. XII - Prodromus of the History, Structure, and Physiology of the
Order Lucernariæ". By Prof. Henry James-Clark, of Harvard University,
Cambridge, Mass.
Boston J. nat. Hist., 7, no. 4: 531-567
BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4988417
Includes:
"Lucernariæ H. James-Clark" (new order) - elsewhere given in text as
"Lucernariæ H. J. C."
"Cleistocarpidæ H. James-Clark" (new family) - elsewhere given in text as
"Cleistocarpidæ H. J. C."
"Eleutherocarpidæ H. James-Clark" (new family) - elsewhere given in text as
"Eleutherocarpidæ H. J. C."
"Halimocyathus H. James-Clark" (new genus) - includes H. platypus H.
James-Clark (new species)
"Craterolophus H. James-Clark" (new genus) - includes C. tethys H.
James-Clark (new species), "?C. convolvulus H. James-Clark" (new
combination)*
"Manania H. James-Clark" (new genus) - includes "M. auricula H.
James-Clark" (new combination)*
"Calvadosia H. James-Clark" (new genus) - includes C. campanulata H.
James-Clark (new species)
"Haliclystus H. James-Clark" (new genus) - includes H. auricula H.
James-Clark (new species), H. salpinx H. James-Clark (new species), H.
octoradiatus H. James-Clark (new species)

[2] Proc. Boston Soc. nat. Hist., 11: p. 16 et seq:
In "[Society Proceedings] June 20, 1866" (Pp. 15-25)
BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8059352
Text reads: "Professor James-Clark stated that he had lately been engaged
upon an investigation of the nature of Sponges..."
Bicosœca, Codonœca, Codosiga, Salpingœca are described as nov. gen., with
"species to be described in a forthcoming memoir"

[3] Henry James Clark: "Mind in nature, or, The origin of life, and the
mode of development of animals". Appleton & Company, New York, 1865.
BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48216918
includes:
"Heteromastix proteiformis, nov. gen. et sp."

[4] James-Clark, H. 1866 "Conclusive proofs on the animality of the ciliate
sponges, and their affinities with the Infusoria Flagellata". American
Journal of Science November 1866, s2-42 (126) 320-324; DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s2-42.126.320
"by H. James-Clark, A.B., B.S."
On AJS website: https://www.ajsonline.org/content/s2-42/126/320
Mentions in passing: "new genera" Bicosœca, Codosiga, Salpingœca (no
species given)

Reprinted: Annals and Magazine of Natural History Ser. 3, vol. 19:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222936708679703

[5] H. James-Clark A.B. B.S. (1868) "XXII.—On the Spongiæ ciliatæ as
Infusoria flagellata; or observations on the structure, animality, and
relationship of Leucosolenia botryoides Bowerbank". Mem. Boston Soc. Nat.
Hist. 1: 305-340. BHL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7494383
 Title says: "By H. James-Clark, A.B., B.S., Professor of Natural History
in the Agicutural College of Pennsylvania"; running title: "Prof. H.
James-Clark on the Spongiæ Ciliatæ"

Reprinted: Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1:2, 133-142,
https://www.tandfonline.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1080%2F00222936808695657
...
includes:
"Monas neglecta, nov. sp."
"Bicosœca, nov. gen." - includes "B. gracilipes, nov. sp."
Salpingoeca gracilis
Bicosœcoidæ and Codosigoidæ are mentioned in text (?= established as new
families)
"Codosiga, nov. gen. (C. pulcherrimus, nov. sp.)"
"Bicosœca lacustris, nov. spec."

Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
https://about.me/TonyRees
www,irmng.org

On Fri, 24 Sept 2021 at 20:16, Valery MALECOT <
valery.malecot at agrocampus-ouest.fr> wrote:

> Hi Tony
>
> Good question, usualy botanists refers to Brummit & Powell (authors of
> plant names) and do not question the "official" name of the author. One
> example is Eilen Whitehead who sign as Eilen W. Erlanson (married with
> Carl Oscar Erlanson in the 20's, the "W" for Whitehead) and later as Eilen
> W.E MacFarlane (married with James MacFarlane in 1934, the W. E. for
> "Whitehead Erlanson"), known on IPNI and Brumit & Powell as Erlanson.
>
> sincerely
> Valéry
>
> ------------------------------
> *De: *"Tony Rees" <tonyrees49 at gmail.com>
> *À: *"Valery MALECOT" <valery.malecot at agrocampus-ouest.fr>
> *Envoyé: *Vendredi 24 Septembre 2021 09:47:04
> *Objet: *Re: [Taxacom] Author surname Clark or James-Clark? (Henry James
> Clark)
>
> Thanks Valery...
> Of course it does raise another question - if he chose to adopt the
> surname James-Clark, for whatever reason, should this then be the name by
> which we cite him, or not...
>
> Regards - Tony
>
> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
> https://about.me/TonyRees
>
>
> On Fri, 24 Sept 2021 at 17:42, Valery MALECOT <
> valery.malecot at agrocampus-ouest.fr> wrote:
>
>> Dear Tony
>>
>> Done - with a minimal addition at the end
>>
>> Valéry
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>> *De: *"Tony Rees" <tonyrees49 at gmail.com>
>> *À: *"Valery MALECOT" <valery.malecot at agrocampus-ouest.fr>
>> *Envoyé: *Vendredi 24 Septembre 2021 09:28:12
>> *Objet: *Re: [Taxacom] Author surname Clark or James-Clark? (Henry James
>> Clark)
>>
>> Thank you Valery - would you care to copy the same to Taxacom, for their
>> information as well?
>>
>> On Fri, 24 Sep 2021, 5:16 pm Valery MALECOT, <
>> valery.malecot at agrocampus-ouest.fr> wrote:
>>
>>> Dear Tony
>>>
>>>
>>> If you look at Amrstrong (1974 - Notable southern families - here
>>> https://books.google.fr/books?id=UkwbAAAAYAAJ ) and McVaugh (1934 -
>>> James Clark, Mansfield, Christopher Clark : and allied families - here
>>> https://books.google.fr/books?id=Soc7AAAAMAAJ ), you can read the
>>> following :
>>>
>>> Mary Marston married James Clark (1737-1789). Their son, John Clark
>>> (l767-l844) married Mary Gaines (l768-l852). Their son, Henry James Clark
>>> (l794-l874) married Mary Lewis Mansfield
>>>
>>> Thus the family name is definitivly CLARK and the usage of James Clark
>>> seems to be a kind of dedication to his great-father "lineage"
>>>
>>> Sincerely
>>> Valéry Malécot
>>> INH herbarium curator
>>> L'Institut Agro, Agrocampus Ouest
>>>
>>> ----- Mail original -----
>>> De: "taxacom" <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
>>> À: "taxacom" <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
>>> Envoyé: Vendredi 24 Septembre 2021 08:30:15
>>> Objet: [Taxacom] Author surname Clark or James-Clark? (Henry James Clark)
>>>
>>> Dear Taxacomers,
>>>
>>> I am trying to ascertain the correct orthography for the taxonomic author
>>> H.J. Clark / Henry James-Clark.
>>>
>>> On Wikipedia and Wikispecies, the orthography "Henry James Clark" is
>>> used,
>>> with default sort: Clark, Henry James (i.e., Clark is presented as the
>>> surname). The same is presently found in AlgaeBase (he authored some
>>> protist taxa, sometimes also included as algae) and in the VIAF author
>>> directory at https://viaf.org/viaf/27461281/ . Even Index Nominum
>>> Genericorum uses "H. J. Clark". IPNI/Plant Name Authors index has no
>>> entry
>>> for him.
>>>
>>> However his name is also found as H. James-Clark - possibly correctly in
>>> my
>>> view?
>>>
>>> I checked a sample original work,
>>> https://www.ajsonline.org/content/s2-42/125/223 , and the running
>>> header is
>>> "H. J. Clark on Anthophysa Mulleri", while the actual article is prefixed
>>> "On the structure and habits of [...]; by H. James-Clark, A.B., B.S."
>>>
>>> A posthumous publication of some of his work, along with a biographical
>>> sketch, calls him "Mr Clark"...
>>> https://books.google.com.au/books?lr=&id=zvczAQAAMAAJ - more
>>> confusingness :) Possibly the same "sketch" is reproduced here:
>>>
>>> http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/clark-henry-j.pdf
>>>
>>> I am thinking all instances of his name should be standardized to
>>> "James-Clark", but would welcome other input.
>>>
>>> By the way, the Wikipedia article "Henry James Clark" includes a
>>> facsimile
>>> signature, available at
>>>
>>> https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Signature_of_Henry_James_Clark.png
>>> ,
>>> which, however reads "H. James-Clark".
>>>
>>> In the algal/protist literature, "James-Clark" does seem to to be the
>>> most
>>> common usage (although sometimes just "Clark"), e.g.:
>>>
>>> BARRY S. C. LEADBEATER, CAROL MORTON, A microscopical study of a marine
>>> species of *Codosiga* James-Clark (Choanoflagellata) with special
>>> reference
>>> to the ingestion of bacteria, *Biological Journal of the Linnean
>>> Society*,
>>> Volume 6, Issue 4, December 1974, Pages 337–347,
>>> https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00728.x
>>>
>>> Any thoughts appreciated, on which version of the surname I should
>>> include
>>> e.g. on IRMNG, also possibly for adjusting relevant Wikipedia and
>>> Wikispecies entries as needed.
>>> Tony Rees, New South Wales, Australia
>>> https://about.me/TonyRees
>>> www.irmng.org
>>> _______________________________________________
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>>> Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for about 34 years, 1987-2021.
>>>
>>
>