[Taxacom] Species Cite: linking scientific names to publications and taxonomists

Tue Aug 3 02:11:23 CDT 2021

Hi Rod

Thanks for this example. I agree only insofar that we need the article citation. But in todays digital world a citation is not helpful, illustrated by your example, Coughenour, J. M., Simmons, M. P., Lombardi, J. A., Yakobson, K., & Archer, R. H. (2011). Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Hippocrateoideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid loci. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59(2), 320-330. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.017 which leads to a closed access article https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.017

Whilst a taxonomic name and the Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 59(2): 328, for example for Pristimera dewildemaniana (N.Hallé) R.H.Archer refers to a treatment:

Pristimera dewildemaniana (N.Hallé) R.H.Archer, comb. nov.
Simirestis dewildemaniana N.Hallé, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Sér 2,
30: 465 (1958). Hippocratea dewildemaniana (N.Hallé) J.B. Hall,
Kew. Bull. 35: 841 (1981). Simirestis dewildemaniana N.Hallé,
Mem. Inst. Franc. Afr. Noire 64: 71 (1962). -TYPE: Democratic
Republic of Congo, Central Forest, Lesse, Bequaert 4154 (BR, holo.).
Hippocratea affinis De Wild., Pl. Bequaert 2: 61 (1923).

which includes another plethora of links that is essentially an essential part of the catalogue.

A treatment citation is not at all cryptic but rather clear. The problem is that the current citation style to refer to an article is cumbersome, but once we made the treatments citable, this will be open, save time for anybody else interested in Pristimera dewildemaniana (N.Hallé) R.H.Archer, Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 59(2): 328.
Essentially anybody cataloguing makes the effort to find the treatments, but then discards it.

Donat

Hi Donat,

I'll leave it to John to decide whether the links you provide are the sort of thing he was after.

If we think of all these interconnected facts as nodes and edges in  a "knowledge graph", then we're all working on the same thing, just focussing on different nodes, based on a combination of what we think matters and what our skills and resources are.

Obviously we may view the same things differently. If the goal is to provide article level citations then the often cryptic treatment-style citations in taxonomy are an obstacle (what article does  "Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 59(2): 328" refer to?). If treatment citations are the goal, then a citation like:

Coughenour, J. M., Simmons, M. P., Lombardi, J. A., Yakobson, K., & Archer, R. H. (2011). Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Hippocrateoideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid loci. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 59(2), 320-330. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.017

is the wrong level of granularity. I think both are useful.

Regards,

Rod

On 2 Aug 2021, at 18:18, Donat Agosti <agosti at amnh.org<mailto:agosti at amnh.org>> wrote:

Hi John

A species does only indirectly cite an article. It cites a taxonomic treatment, a section of the text the author explicitly created to talk about the respective species (taxon; see also slide 4 here https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5052458<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.5052458&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966091531%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=YtuJ5BGk3AbTxAdonyGYZu7enS7kfwDLHNj1lUhsmSE%3D&reserved=0> ). The articles are the carriers or containers of the treatments, traditionally published as book or article. This tradition has been started already by Linnaeus in 1753 and 1758 respectively. At that time it was an efficient way to convey this information, whilst today it is a prison and hampering the development of our biodiversity knowledge, because the data therein is not open, digitally accessible knowledge.

Whilst still a large amount of taxonomic work is not accessible because of closed access increasingly treatments, ie over 500,000 alone through TreatmentBank, are available in a format that is open, accessible, citable and can easily be reused, including those from closed access publications. Most of Pensoft Publications, EJT, or those published by the Museum nationale d'Histoire Naturelle Paris are now published in a way so that the data, e.g. taxonomic treatments, figures and material citations can directly be reused. A new collaboration between BHL and Plazi will provide further access to and disseminate data in taxonomic publications to aggreagators, such as GBIF.

For example there are now treatments liberated from over 35,500 taxonomic publications reused and accessible through GBIF, and the data has been reused by over 400 scientific publications.
The Biodiversity Literature Repository https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit/search?page=1&size=20&q=&sort=mostrecent<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Fcommunities%2Fbiosyslit%2Fsearch%3Fpage%3D1%26size%3D20%26q%3D%26sort%3Dmostrecent&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966091531%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=07MF7Wj3VDNoASUZd2fS990YTXDd9ciWOc%2BMe%2BBHksM%3D&reserved=0>  now includes 324,000 images https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit/search?page=1&size=20&q=&type=image&sort=mostrecentliberated<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Fcommunities%2Fbiosyslit%2Fsearch%3Fpage%3D1%26size%3D20%26q%3D%26type%3Dimage%26sort%3Dmostrecentliberated&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966101487%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=NTV9tdh3QcmfwHT9g2wAkPn%2BEY9hKad0emp%2F9TW5o7Q%3D&reserved=0>from over 50,000 taxonomic publications. It includes an increasing amount of taxonomic treatments https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit/search?page=1&size=20&q=&sort=mostrecent&subtype=taxonomictreatment<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Fcommunities%2Fbiosyslit%2Fsearch%3Fpage%3D1%26size%3D20%26q%3D%26sort%3Dmostrecent%26subtype%3Dtaxonomictreatment&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966101487%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=TjRDASE2zEfcY2ZuFu3HuY4jOSIkRITyjvwJ7osbla4%3D&reserved=0> all as FAIR data with extensive metadata, persistent identifiers (DOI) so it can easily be discovered.

All the data is accessible through the Plazi Treatment Collection Statistics. For example, for 2020 alone treatments for 7,900 new species and 570 new genera published in this year have been liberated, as part of 42,000 treatments published in 2020. http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/srsStats<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftb.plazi.org%2FGgServer%2FsrsStats&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966111445%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=NTt4eamv%2FzWTPRR5RoffllVxeGecrZTZ5SCKBsrCk9Q%3D&reserved=0>

There is even considerable support by Arcadia Fund or grants from EU Horizon 2020 (BiCIKL) or Swissuniversities (eBioDiv) to make literature based data accessible, citable and linked to specimens, genes, taxonomic names.

You can explore your taxa in GBIF, where there is a chance to find treatments, images, material citations for your species; you can explore BLR, TreatmentBank, or experimental applications such as Synospecies (https://synospecies.plazi.org/<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsynospecies.plazi.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966111445%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=FzH0YFsTcEcRKpg%2FYgEyW49C%2Fu6T6B4AAiZ6zDSbnYE%3D&reserved=0>) or Ocellus (https://ocellus.info/<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Focellus.info%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966121404%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=fYXnoRpqT51y5JVUq3HgM2SVl6R5LAQAkhqxdabA7%2Fs%3D&reserved=0>) or the BLR Website (https://www.biolitrepo.org/<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biolitrepo.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966121404%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=MCIK6az%2BsF8ia3jQY2dMmrCBrNmhl36JZZEzKijxWgI%3D&reserved=0>). It might also be possible to find the data about your species via Wikidata in the source treatments.

Most importantly, we are well ahead to make the taxonomic treatments not only citable, but provide access to all the data used by the author when writing it up.

This essentially allows to add to each identification the reference treatment the person identifying has in mind. Much more, a taxonomic name linked to a treatment opens up immediately access to the knowledge about it - just because treatments themselves are very rich in implicit citations of external resources, all of which are rapidly being digitized. Whilst citation of an article in many cases leads to a barrier that can only be surmounted with a huge effort and thus hampering taxonomic research and access to biodiversity data, citing a treatment does not.

Cheers

Donat

-----Original Message-----
From: Taxacom <taxacom-bounces at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom-bounces at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>> On Behalf Of Roderic Page via Taxacom
Sent: Monday, August 2, 2021 6:17 PM
To: John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com<mailto:calabar.john at gmail.com>>
Cc: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
Subject: Re: [Taxacom] Species Cite: linking scientific names to publications and taxonomists

EXTERNAL SENDER

Hi John,

This would be a nice thing to have, and as we link things together we may be able to get closer to being able to do this.

There have been various attempts in the past. Dave Remsen had a tool that subscribed to journal RSS feeds (basically a news reader) and could give you lists of recent papers for a taxonomic group. My old iSpecies tried to grab data from various sources to summarise what we knew about a taxon. There are others.

I've often found Wikipedia to be useful, but that is highly dependent on someone with the time and energy to maintain that page. But it's striking how often a single sentence will be so much more informative than a database.

I suspect that the way forward will be to "automagically" write summaries based on a database like Wikidata. In other words, take a set of facts about a taxon (e.g., how many species, when the most recent was found, something on ecology, etc.) and convert that to natural language, complete with references. I think the Encyclopedia of Life attempted something like this.

My sense is that what you ask for is in principle doable, if probably a bit harder than it sounds, but at the same time is the sort of thing that biodiversity informatics should be capable of doing (i.e., making things that people actually find useful, rather than thing we can do because, well, we can).

Regards,

Rod

On 2 Aug 2021, at 16:09, John Grehan <calabar.john at gmail.com<mailto:calabar.john at gmail.com><mailto:calabar.john at gmail.com>> wrote:

This current discussion reminds me to ask what is out there that is free and comprehensive (as much as one might hope for) in terms of recording new taxonomic publications for a particular group (terrestrial family in my case) that is comparable to Zoo Record or Biosis (which I don't have access to), and perhaps even include publications on other aspects of particular taxa (e.g. biology, systematics). Under my circumstances I am currently left to random Web searches that are hit or miss.

John Grehan

On Mon, Aug 2, 2021 at 7:15 AM Quentin Groom via Taxacom <taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu><mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>> wrote:
I imagine marine people are very happy with WoRMS, it is a very rich source, but it exists in its own marine bubble with only implicit links out. How wonderful it would be if all the people it mentions were disambiguated (authors, authorities, editors), because then it could really take a strong place in the biodiversity informatics landscape, not just the marine section of it.
Quentin

On Mon, 2 Aug 2021 at 11:54, Roderic Page via Taxacom < taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu><mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>> wrote:

Hi Lena,

WoRMS is great, and is something that I plan to add to Species-Cite in
the future.

>From my perspective the thing WoRMS lacks is links to external
identifiers for the literature (e.g., DOIs, etc.). This means that the
literature is essentially in a database-specific silo 9this is true of
most taxonomic databases). Now, for WoRMS users that may be just fine,
the database meets their needs, the names and citations they are after are there.

I'd like things to be less siloed such that, for example, I can go
from a name in WoRMS to an external identifier for the literature,  to
the taxonomists who did the work, and the full text for the paper. And
I'd like to do that all in one place.

I think for anyone aggregating data the challenge is to deliver value
above and beyond what individual databases can do, otherwise there is
little point in aggregating the data in the first place. So I guess
the challenge would be to see if aggregating data from WoRMS can
create something that adds value on top of what WoRMS itself offers.
And of course, any such value would be available to WoRMS to
incorporate if the WoRMS editors felt it added something to their database.

Regards,

Rod

On 2 Aug 2021, at 10:37, Elena Kupriyanova
<Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum<mailto:Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum><mailto:Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum><mailto:
Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum<mailto:Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum><mailto:Elena.Kupriyanova at Australian.Museum>>> wrote:

Dear colleagues,

I am not talking about it for a simple reason -  I did not want to
mention that for marine species we already have WoRMS (World Register
of Marine
Species)
https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.m<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.m%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966121404%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=vw4Wqj5lSX6VeAPZuLk98GBq%2BiuYiDV9%2Bqx2%2BIYEOtE%3D&reserved=0>
arinespecies.org<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Farinespecies.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966131356%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=Hwq28dqaE5DPsjOpMNtRKvCsvvkjx4gLqh%2BhG08ITwQ%3D&reserved=0>%2Findex.php&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c
908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C63763517834
0500359%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLC
JBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=4noKZSp0Acy1AeUAuzEjilAa
uyJaykcbmZW0QISHdyM%3D&reserved=0
I happen to be one of hundreds of taxonomical editors for this
database Sorry...
Best,
Lena

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For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman.nhm.ku.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Ftaxacom&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635178340500359%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=qI%2FrZIvdmUx8oss7sI6CUaGni%2BgYE4I8u%2Fhxd9eKFnA%3D&reserved=0<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman.nhm.ku.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Ftaxacom&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966161225%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=MjaarmS6kXParJPiTaEZIzFuWg0VvRWmfcGbACPswF4%3D&reserved=0>
You can reach the person managing the list at: taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu><mailto:taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu>
The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftaxacom.markmail.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635178340510315%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=zGrsL%2BBTvLKK3n5z8iKHVAdmUBTdGT8musgxDij%2Fjbw%3D&reserved=0<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftaxacom.markmail.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635178340510315%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=zGrsL%2BBTvLKK3n5z8iKHVAdmUBTdGT8musgxDij%2Fjbw%3D&reserved=0><https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftaxacom.markmail.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966161225%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=ujNLgc0Ox3ybgYgni2InWVBkPxMJDOFJdsCKPxZrC9M%3D&reserved=0>

Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for about 34 years, 1987-2021.

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Taxacom Mailing List

Send Taxacom mailing list submissions to: taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> For list information; to subscribe or unsubscribe, visit: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman.nhm.ku.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Ftaxacom&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635178340510315%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=Gjh2q0g8Fmwlgb2mU%2Bv%2BKMoUvKl0xK64Tr0IqrdrRVY%3D&reserved=0<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman.nhm.ku.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Ftaxacom&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966171184%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=PhVuGfRACNFxbMK4WYxAKbSHM3QLZsHpl0xjBxTf3k4%3D&reserved=0>
You can reach the person managing the list at: taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu<mailto:taxacom-owner at mailman.nhm.ku.edu> The Taxacom email archive back to 1992 can be searched at: https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftaxacom.markmail.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C7ec2aca5eae34e59c4c908d955d0fafd%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635178340510315%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=zGrsL%2BBTvLKK3n5z8iKHVAdmUBTdGT8musgxDij%2Fjbw%3D&reserved=0<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftaxacom.markmail.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7C%7C4aeeefa3672549d56d2d08d95649f6f1%7Cbe0003e8c6b9496883aeb34586974b76%7C0%7C0%7C637635697966171184%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=sE%2F7lOD5%2BoG%2B3PfOcDSCZTfJcAQrEAEXcapbq3Aml4s%3D&reserved=0>

Nurturing nuance while assailing ambiguity for about 34 years, 1987-2021.