<div dir="ltr"><div>All,</div><div>Please find attached and below Jessica Cherry and Frank Soos,<i>.</i> eds., <i>Wheels on Ice.</i></div><div>Thanks</div><div>Duncan</div><div><br></div><div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a name="_Hlk125899669">Wheels on
Ice: Stories of Cycling in Alaska.<span>
</span>Edited by Jessica Cherry and Frank Soos.<span>
</span>Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2022.<span> </span>xvii + 273 pp.<span> </span>Illustrations, maps, list of
contributors.<span> </span>Paper $24.95.<span> </span>ISBN 978-1-4962-3247-2.<span></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Reviewed
by Duncan R. Jamieson, Ashland University<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:250%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>To
those of us in the “Lower 48” the title sounds like an oxymoron, and the cover
photo of someone in boots, ski pants and a fur-lined hooded parka pushing a
bicycle through deep snow looks less than appealing. <span> </span>Even though being so close to the Arctic
Circle and battling cold and headwinds that result in windchills of minus 40-50
degrees Fahrenheit in hours of darkness, this is still better riding weather
than when the summer temperatures and sunlight turn the trails into swamps and
bogs.<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:250%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Rather than a dystopian novel, this is a delightful
collection of thirty-one accounts of men and women, who beginning in the 1890s braved
the frozen north’s brutal weather on bicycles to search for gold.<span> </span>Though little was found they continue awheel seeking
fun and adventure.<span> </span>I too seek fun and
adventure awheel, but I’m more in tune with dry paved roads and temperatures in
the plus 60s and 70s. <span> </span><span> </span>I have ridden in temperatures below freezing
on slushy, snow and/or ice-covered roads but not by design.<span> </span>When I’d started out it was cold but clear
and sunny, and I had to struggle home to a hot shower because I hadn’t checked
the weather forecast.<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>In her Preface, Jessica Cherry explains how
cyclist and historian Terrence Cole edited <i>Wheels on Ice: Bicycling in
Alaska, 1898-1908</i> (</span><span><span>Anchorage: Alaska Northwest Pub. Co., 1985), long since out of print
and virtually unavailable.<span> </span>Cole worked
and cycled with Cherry, geoscientist and writer, and Frank Soos, professor
emeritus of English, University of Alaska-Fairbanks, who</span> follows with an
Introduction exploring the origins and development of the bicycle, including
the more recent iterations of mountain and fat bikes.<span> </span>Cherry and Soos decided </span><span><span>to expand Cole’s
earlier effort when they learned of his cancer diagnosis.<span> </span>Sadly, Cole succumbed before publication, and
during the project’s final stages, Soos died in a cycling accident, making this
</span>collection a labor of memory and love.<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span><span> </span><span> </span>While both the Preface and Introduction are
informative, they lack a metaphysical distinction between “necessity” and
“desire” for the bicycle. <span> </span>Before the
bicycle’s introduction in the mid-19<sup>th</sup> century, the only options for
independent travel were limited to walking or using animals, which required
care and food.<span> </span>Further, they tired over
long distances and suffered from injury and disease.<span> </span>The bicycle, however, offered a mechanical
alternative that eliminated these impediments while offering faster
transportation.<span> </span>It took riders where
they wanted to go, accommodating their own needs and schedules.<span> </span>With the 1890s discovery of gold in the Yukon,
adventurers flocked there in the hopes of striking it rich.<span> </span>For those who wanted to participate but
lacked the funds and skills to manage a dog sled, the bicycle was a necessity,
the only mechanical option. <span> </span>Later, as
the automobile’s popularity spread in the early decades of the twentieth
century it offered another means of personal transportation, one that required
virtually no effort.<span> </span>At this time,
especially in the United States, the bicycle lost its position as a necessity
for independent travels, but some still had the desire and preferred the
satisfaction and sense of accomplishment that came with the wheel. <span> </span><span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Cole’s original work represents Part 1,
cycling in Alaska 1898 to 1908.<span> </span>Cherry
and Soos expand the scope with Part 2, which includes tales from the 1980s and
1990s, and Part 3 covers the 21<sup>st</sup> century.<span> </span>Unfortunately, there is no mention of the
interregnum, the seven decades between 1908 and the 1980s. This is likely a
time when any intrepid souls who went out on their wheels failed to record their
adventures.<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>For me, until I read <i>Wheels on Ice</i>,
when I thought of sport and Alaska Iditarod came to mind.<span> </span>Since there are four essays focused on the
Iditarod Trail, an explanation as to its origins would have been helpful, even
though this falls in the interregnum.<span> </span>In
January 1925, a diphtheria outbreak threatened the ten thousand people living
in and around Nome, Alaska.<span> </span>Quarantine,
which seemed not to be effective, meant a serum to protect the inhabitants
offered the only alternative to a massive disaster, but the serum was hundreds
of miles away with the weather preventing a delivery by air.<span> </span>The solution was a heroic run by relays of
mushers and dog sled teams, covering 630 miles between January 26 and February
1.<span> </span>The Great Race of Mercy, along with
lead dogs Togo and Balto, became legend.<span>
</span>To commemorate the event, in 1973 sled dog teams and their mushers competed
in a nearly one-thousand-mile race from Fairbanks to Nome.<span> </span>That morphed into Iditasport, a hundred-mile
course for skiers to which was added a two-hundred mile out and back race for
bicyclists.<span> </span>Describing the mental and
physical challenges in “Iditasport 1991” (51-53), Gail Koepf explains why it
“is a perfect event for women, an endurance event in which mental stamina is as
important as physical strength, in which small size and lightness can be an
advantage in floating those fat knobby tires over a snowy trail” (52).<span> </span>In “Iditabike 1987” (38-44), Charlie Kelly,
one of the midwives at the birth of the mountain bike, explores the camaraderie
among racers.<span> </span>Two competing cyclists
leading the race helped one another through the hardships but realized “someone
had to win this thing.<span> </span>.<span> </span>.” (43).<span>
</span>Clinton Hodges III, “The Iditarod Trail and Me” (156-167) is a cathartic
piece about his competitive spirit, the race and his acceptance of not winning:
“I left everything out in the swamps, lakes, and tundra of the interior” (167).<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Today’s riders enjoy multi-geared bicycles
with improved frame geometry, high-tech thermal clothing, GPS and cell
phones.<span> </span>The first purpose-built mountain
bike appeared in 1978 for off-road and trail riding.<span> </span>A further improvement, especially for those
riding in Alaska, is fat bikes that will accommodate five-inch-wide tires,
improving grip and stability on snow and ice.<span>
</span>Having none of these advantages in 1896, Edward Jessson went to Alaska in
search of gold.<span> </span>When he saw both men and
dogs worn down by the weather, he believed the bicycle might prove a better
option.<span> </span>In “From Dawson to Nome on a
Bicycle” (6-23), he described his February-March-thousand-mile ride in 1900. “The
wheel stood the trip in splendid shape and to my great surprise I never had a
puncture or broke a spoke the entire trip” (23).<span> </span><span> </span><span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>More than a century later Martha Amore, MFA
and Ph.D. in English and psychology, commutes five miles one way from her home
in South Turnagain to the University of Alaska Fairbanks.<span> </span>Her essay, “A Winter Bike Commute” (130-135),
embodies the joy of cycling at its finest, focuses on the morning commute,
which is done in darkness most of the year, and for those of us who dwell in
warmer climes, in brutally cold weather.<span>
</span>When asked by friends and colleagues why she bicycles to work regardless
of the weather, she patiently explains she rides because it lessens her impact
on the environment, it saves her money and she enjoys the exercise which is
good for her health.<span> </span>“The truth, though,
is that I simply love to ride.<span> </span>I always
have” (133).<span> </span>When I was at the
University of Alabama I lived about the same distance to campus and regularly
cycled back and forth, out of both necessity—we had only one car—and desire—I
too love being so close to the people and places I passed.<span> </span>When I came to Ohio, though I live perhaps
half a mile from Ashland University, for decades I’ve ridden to campus most
days—for me extremely cold weather or snow and ice persuaded me to drive.<span> </span>Instead of going directly I follow a route
that takes me into the countryside to give me a twelve-mile jaunt for exactly
the same reasons.<span> </span>A colleague in the
English department regularly rides over from Mansfield, about ten miles
distant.<span> </span>Other colleagues ride in on
occasion; when asked why their answer as does mine parallels that of
Amore.<span> </span>This standard response has been
repeated from the earliest days of cycling. <span> </span>In his 1887 <i>The Pleasures, Objects, and
Advantages of Cycling</i>, A. J. Wilson wrote “I venture to say that there is
no recreative outdoor exercise which awakens the finest feelings in our nature
to such an extent as does cycling” (60). To cite an example from the middle
third of the twentieth century, English civil servant Bernard Newman would
spend his summers bicycling through Europe and writing of the experience.<span> </span>Besides the love of traveling in the slow
lane, the sales from his books put “jam on his toast.”<span> </span>Writing only for myself, would I have done
the same in Alaska?<span> </span>I doubt it!<span> </span>Being so far north the cold—well below
zero—and the lack of light, the reality is I’m just not that adventuresome, but
I thoroughly enjoy how Amore explains being that close to people and the
environment more than outweigh any discomfort.<span>
</span>While she describes the commuters who travel by car—probably the
greatest threat to cyclists, as a woman she feels more trepidation about using
an available bike trail, a “gorgeous frozen coastline, ice covered creek, and
spruce and birch forest” (171) due to the realization that its isolation
increases the possibility of violence against women.<span> </span>Amore recognizes her privilege compared to
the homeless huddled in doorways downtown.<span>
</span>Despite the economic divide they exchange pleasantries while she waits
for the traffic light to change.<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Alys Culhane, “The Books I Carried”
(179-194) and Tom Moran, “The Magic Bus on the Stampede” (244-251) are equally
fascinating but for entirely different reasons.<span>
</span>Both authors are committed cyclists engaged in multiple outdoor
adventures and both tie their work to other authors.<span> </span>Culhane recounts her June solo
six-hundred-mile journey from Fairbanks to Valdez.<span> </span>To carry her essentials—clothing, tools, and
food she towed a small trailer; on her bike she carried her
“non-essentials”—her journal and a copy of Tim O’Brien’s <i>The Things They
Carried</i>, his memoir of his combat tour in Vietnam.<span> </span>With a companion Moran rode thirty-eight
miles of the Stampede Trail in Denali National Park to “the closest thing the
Last Frontier has to a pilgrimage site” (244).<span>
</span>He had read Jon Krakauer’s <i>Into the Wild</i>, the story of Chris
McCandless’s ill-fated journey from the Lower 48 to Alaska.<span> </span>Viewing himself as an adventurer, McCandless
hitchhiked to Alaska in April 1992.<span>
</span>Planning to live off the land he set up camp in Fairbanks Bus #142,
which had earlier been towed to the location for use as a dormitory for a
construction team and then simply abandoned there.<span> </span>Unprepared and inexperienced, McCandless died
there in August, likely from starvation.<span>
</span>In September a hunter found his emaciated body.<span> </span>I’ve read both O’Brien, using it as a
supplement in my American history survey, and Krakauer, both books of adventure
and tragedy.<span> </span>Culhane and Moran used them
to good effect, blending Alaskan bicycling with two other adventure stories.<span> </span><span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span><i>Wheels on Ice</i> clearly ends on a high
note with Judge Earl Peterson’s “Tell ‘Em About It” (251-264), low-key humor at
its best.<span> </span>He has a cycling companion
living in the Deep South, and they get together periodically at a mutually
agreed upon destination for some riding, this time in the Colorado
Rockies.<span> </span>At the end of a day’s ride,
they joined several others at a brewery adjacent to a bicycle parking lot for
some R and R and “to swap lies and ribald tales of glory” (251).<span> </span>The only Alaskan among the group of psyclists
(psycho cyclists) whom all could choose more paved roads within fifty miles of
their homes than the total of paved roads in Alaska, he was in his glory
playing “can you top this.”<span> </span>While the
other riders had stories of dogs, deer and cool weather rides, the judge’s
ripostes included fat bikes with studded tires, handlebar pogies, moose,
grizzly bears, deep snow and temperatures well below minus 40 degrees below
zero.<span> </span>“Rest assured, bicycling is alive
and well in America’s trans-Arctic playground, and to survive it all year round,
Alaskan psyclists are tougher for it” (262).<span></span></span></p>
<p class="gmail-MsoNoSpacing" style="margin:0in;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span>Duncan R.
Jamieson<span> </span><span> </span>Ashland University <span></span></span></p>
<span></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0.5in;line-height:200%;margin:0in 0in 8pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span> </span></p>
</div><div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">Remember to smell the roses as you recumber past<br><br>Duncan R. Jamieson, Ph. Dd <br>Professor of History<br>Book Review Editor<br><i>AETHLON: The Journal of Sport Literature</i><br>Ashland University<br>Ashland, OH 44805<br>USA<br></div></div></div></div>