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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='word-wrap:break-word;line-break:after-white-space'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Thank you all for this conversation. I am not working with schools anymore, however, I also have major concerns and fears for our future. I have family members and friends who are actively impacted by this, now, and I greatly fear for them. There is comfort in reading your words and knowing that you are out there working to make a difference. I can only offer to be a safe place and to be an advocate, no matter how scary it may get. Thank you.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Patty Graner<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>From: </span></b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black'>Simtrainer-l <simtrainer-l-bounces@lists.ku.edu> on behalf of SIM Listserv <simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu><br><b>Reply-To: </b>"Markell, Marc A" <mamarkell@stcloudstate.edu><br><b>Date: </b>Monday, November 18, 2024 at 9:00 AM<br><b>To: </b>mark schipani <mschipani@hotmail.com><br><b>Cc: </b>SIM Listserv <simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu><br><b>Subject: </b>Re: [Simtrainer-l] Project 2025 and its implications for special education<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Mark, first, I need to back up a bit… what I wrote in my first response to Jean’s email is, “Another huge concern I have is that private schools can teach children to be ashamed of their sexual orientation, gender identity, sex, and race.” I was talking specifically about private schools. I thought you were responding to my statement.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Many private schools teach children to be ashamed of who they are. If parents can pull public money and use it for private schools, the schools can teach pretty much whatever they like, they don’t need to report data or adhere to standards. At the university where I taught, we placed students in some private religious schools for field experiences. Some of the schools taught that being gay was “morally wrong.” I tried to get us to stop placing students in such schools. It didn’t happen. Though it “didn’t hurt” for me to inform the school administration that any form of discrimination is against university policy… my talking with them did not change how they taught. If public money can be used for tuition in private schools, we will not have any control over how students are treated. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>I am teaching classes on equity in a teacher education program, and on Wednesday evening, we talked about some of the horrible things that are already happening in our country (Messages began appearing Wednesday, received by black people in at least <b>32 states</b> and the District of Columbia. The emails stated, “Greetings. You have been selected to pick cotton at the nearest plantation. Be ready at midnight, November 13th sharp with your belongings. Our executive slaves will come get you in a brown van. Be prepared to be searched down once you have entered the plantation.” This is beyond reprehensible. Also, LGBTQ+ hotlines have had a 700% increase in calls. This too is horrible). We talked about how we in public schools have the responsibility--- the obligation--- to advocate and protect all of our students- especially students who have been marginalized. I agree that advocating, often loudly, is our job.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Though you read my comments as “flippant,” that was not at all what I intended. I am never flippant when it comes to anti-oppression. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Have a good weekend.</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div id=mail-editor-reference-message-container><div><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='color:black'>From: </span></b><span style='color:black'>mark schipani <mschipani@hotmail.com><br><b>Date: </b>Friday, November 15, 2024 at 1:16</span><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> </span><span style='color:black'>PM<br><b>To: </b>Markell, Marc A <mamarkell@stcloudstate.edu><br><b>Cc: </b>Schumaker, Jean <jschumak@ku.edu>, SIMTRAINER-L <simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu><br><b>Subject: </b>Re: [Simtrainer-l] Project 2025 and its implications for special education<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left><tr><td style='background:#FFC845;padding:5.25pt 5.5pt 5.25pt 1.5pt'></td><td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#FFF3DD;padding:5.25pt 3.75pt 5.25pt 11.25pt'><div><p style='mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'>CAUTION:</span></b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'> This e-mail originated from outside the Minnesota State System. Only click links or open attachments from trusted sources. Please report suspicious messages using the "Report Message Button". </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td></tr></table><div><p class=MsoNormal>You’re welcome, Marc. I’m not suggesting working together as teams. I’m saying you MUST build a team. If you don’t, you’ve already lost. You MUST tell EVERYONE to stop shaming students for who they are. It’s not some flippant “can’t hurt” suggestion. It’s your job, especially if you are in special education. Fortunately, from my experience, if you show people how you can help them, they listen well and they end up helping you. <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>School Demand <span class=apple-tab-span> </span>Ways we handle this demand<span class=apple-tab-span> </span> <span class=apple-tab-span> </span>Strategic Way to meet the demand<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>1. Dealing with bullies <span class=apple-tab-span> </span>tell mom, avoid bully (fear), pretend (flippant)<span class=apple-tab-span> </span>(1) Build a team <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>(2) Issue results<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>(3) Get bully to help you<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Lose the fear and flippancy. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Go BIG.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Nov 15, 2024, at 10:17<span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span>AM, Markell, Marc A <mamarkell@stcloudstate.edu> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Thank you, Mark, I certainly believe that is working together is more effective than working individually. I also don't think it hurts to express concerns to people who are shaming students for who they are. Unfortunately, from my experience, many who shame others for who they are tend not to listen well. And..., it can't hurt, so thank you. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div><div id=ms-outlook-mobile-signature><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>Get <a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Faka.ms%2Fo0ukef&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585565048969%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=WsHo%2B8YvFJ%2FDvr8bqXgZWu2GVL8hDaUA83f%2F10mQJ9Q%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://aka.ms/o0ukef" shash="gBmO05Zb/EW1c1PdsvxiU7SBUbJYLDW7PAVtySiUuBVNBHYtSLpxJK2q3qB0/wAglDyNW+eE4E+l+8s1dKx0Mf4z3sa6D16MP7KksvV4t9+z14MBxtc3zEQQX3lofB1vJ9RRhOOPbjLY0MDi3QV31TZ/syNkPDyNpixUDvu3ALE=">Outlook for iOS</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=0 width="100%" align=center></div><div id=divRplyFwdMsg><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> mark schipani <mschipani@hotmail.com><br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, November 14, 2024 10:27:39 AM<br><b>To:</b> Markell, Marc A <mamarkell@stcloudstate.edu><br><b>Cc:</b> Schumaker, Jean <jschumak@ku.edu>; SIMTRAINER-L <simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Simtrainer-l] Project 2025 and its implications for special education</span> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left><tr><td style='background:#FFC845;padding:5.25pt 5.5pt 5.25pt 1.5pt'></td><td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#FFF3DD;padding:5.25pt 3.75pt 5.25pt 11.25pt'><div><p style='mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'>CAUTION:</span></b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'> This e-mail originated from outside the Minnesota State System. Only click links or open attachments from trusted sources. Please report suspicious messages using the "Report Message Button". </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td></tr></table><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>Jean, Marc, Rosanne, and SIM trainers,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>Embrace your concerns for students with disabilities. It’s probably what got you here. Don’t be scared. Work together. (Teamwork makes the dream work) Calm and encourage each other. I’ve been in special education for 50 years. I was in the first Strategram, </span><a href="https://simvilledev.ku.edu/sites/default/files/Strategram/gramv1no1.pdf"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>gramv1no1.pdf</span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>I have taught three generations using what I learned from Deshler, Schumaker, B.K. Lenz and the rest of the crew at KUCRL. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>Please embrace families, the families of your students. They can be your greatest resource. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>(I don’t know if I said this to Dr. Lenz or he said it to me. CAn’t Save Everyone - we have a CASE when it comes to some families and students and administrators and presidents.)<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>I know that all of you do all you can for our students and then more. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>I have one more request. Tell any school or teacher or student or parent or principal or president that teaches children to be ashamed of their sexual orientation, gender identity, sex, or race or special ed status that they are making your very difficult and important job much harder than it needs to be. Show them how they can help. In 1988 we called our program PIPE Dream (Program Improvement Plan @ Ely). Don’t let fear turn your dreams into nightmares. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'>Mark Schipani<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><p style='margin:0in;font-variant-caps:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size-adjust:none;font-kerning:auto;font-variant-alternates:normal;font-variant-ligatures:normal;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-feature-settings:normal'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica Neue"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Nov 12, 2024, at 4:32<span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span>PM, Markell, Marc A via Simtrainer-l <simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Courier New"'></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Thank you, Jean, I have major concerns about what is likely to happen to education in the United States. I have been scared this day would come, and now it’s here. Just to be clear--- I know this is a safe space and if people disagree, they will do so respectfully.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>One concern, which has been called “family choice” by allowing public funds to go to private schools, could potentially be a huge problem. Right now private schools are not regulated or require teachers or administrators to hold full teaching credentials. Unless private schools are regulated to ensure some quality, our children may be harmed academically and socially. Private schools are also not required to follow state standards</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Another huge concern I have is that private schools can teach children to be ashamed of their sexual orientation, gender identity, sex, and race. One of the groups I have interacted with around banning books in schools wants to ban the book <b>Ruby Bridges</b>. When I questioned them as to why they wanted to ban this book, they said the teacher guide was problematic. First, they wanted to ban the book from libraries- I don't think teacher guides are even available for checking out. Second, I looked at the teacher guide, and it is very good.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>They can teach revisionist history with no way of anyone outside of the school even knowing.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>I think our students could be harmed significantly.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>I could go on, but I’ll leave it at that.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Marc Markell</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div><div id="x_ms-outlook-mobile-signature"><div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Get<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Faka.ms%2Fo0ukef&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568330366%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=FAn9Q7%2FFohGmkgtROrRe7efe3t4RPJecNheTZNT2OW4%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://aka.ms/o0ukef" shash="IoPxMDusLQ6Gm9KkYfb3R9WOKFA7eqiS4eq3kUFty6t/ZY27fGrxOM0oL3pGG/zqUTxkkgZh7Tgmj1bR4WyXfuN4VitCvh8NptBrfp1nkolti0FDszAyDOL5ufnu0A38SBQEODldSwsMrWfdgpdX+g//fL0254GcCGEAbWnEfZk="><span style='color:purple'>Outlook for iOS</span></a><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=0 width="77%" align=center></div><div id="x_divRplyFwdMsg"><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Simtrainer-l <</span><a href="mailto:simtrainer-l-bounces@lists.ku.edu"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:purple'>simtrainer-l-bounces@lists.ku.edu</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>> on behalf of Schumaker, Jean via Simtrainer-l <</span><a href="mailto:simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:purple'>simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>><br><b>Sent:</b><span class=xapple-converted-space> </span>Thursday, November 7, 2024 12:17:37 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class=xapple-converted-space> </span>SIMTRAINER-L <</span><a href="mailto:simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu"><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:purple'>simtrainer-l@lists.ku.edu</span></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>><br><b>Subject:</b><span class=xapple-converted-space> </span>[Simtrainer-l] FW: Project 2025 and its implications for special education</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left><tr><td style='background:#FFC845;padding:5.25pt 5.5pt 5.25pt 1.5pt'></td><td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#FFF3DD;padding:5.25pt 3.75pt 5.25pt 11.25pt'><div><p style='mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'>CAUTION:</span></b><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'> </span></span><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#003865'>This e-mail originated from outside the Minnesota State System. Only click links or open attachments from trusted sources. Please report suspicious messages using the "Report Message Button".</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td></tr></table><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=xxemailstyle26><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Hi all—As the holiday season approaches, I’m thrilled to see that pders are giving some workshops and teaching some courses that involve SIM programs. That’s wonderful! Thanks so much for all you are doing in your area to help the teachers and students!</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=xxmsonormal style='margin:0in'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I heard recently from Susan D’Anielo that she is working with a teacher who learned the writing strategies when she was a student, and now she is teaching the strategies to her students. Isn’t that terrific?!! The second generation of students (and maybe the third!) is benefitting from strategy instruction. This story made my day and maybe even my month!! Please keep sending me stories!</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=xxmsonormal style='margin:0in'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Below is a document that summarizes Trump’s Project 2025 plan for education and special education. It’s very informative and has implications for our work together. Please let me know your thoughts about it. With my best wishes and deep respect! Jean</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=xxmsonormal style='margin:0in'><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><div id="x_x_mail-editor-reference-message-container"><div><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;border-color:currentcolor currentcolor'><p class=xxmsonormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0in'><b>From:<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></b>John Wills Lloyd from Special Education Today <<a href="mailto:specialeducationtoday@substack.com"><span style='color:purple'>specialeducationtoday@substack.com</span></a>><br><b>Date:<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></b>Thursday, November 7, 2024 at 3:04<span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span>AM<br><b>To:<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></b>Schumaker, Jean <<a href="mailto:jschumak@ku.edu"><span style='color:purple'>jschumak@ku.edu</span></a>><br><b>Subject:<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></b>Project 2025 and its implications for special education<span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><img border=0 width=1 height=1 style='width:.0104in;height:.0104in' id="_x0000_i1044" src="cid:~WRD0004.jpg" alt="Image removed by sender."></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'>What's in store for special education according to the policy paper?</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span 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class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span 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class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> </span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>͏</span><span class=xapple-converted-space><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333'> <span 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originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/2/eyJlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc3BlY2lhbGVkdWNhdGlvbnRvZGF5LmNvbS9wL3Byb2plY3QtMjAyNS1hbmQtaXRzLWltcGxpY2F0aW9ucz91dG1fY2FtcGFpZ249ZW1haWwtaGFsZi1wb3N0JnI9M2Rwb28mdG9rZW49ZXlKMWMyVnlYMmxrSWpvMU5qYzROalkwTENKd2IzTjBYMmxrSWpveE5URXlPVE0yTkRFc0ltbGhkQ0k2TVRjek1EazNNREk0Tml3aVpYaHdJam94TnpNek5UWXlNamcyTENKcGMzTWlPaUp3ZFdJdE16ZzROamczSWl3aWMzVmlJam9pY0c5emRDMXlaV0ZqZEdsdmJpSjkuQjdwcnhMSGI1WUJPckJJX2tlWFVVcHRDRm5veGZuMElYR0VQMXNMdWRJRSIsInAiOjE1MTI5MzY0MSwicyI6Mzg4Njg3LCJmIjpmYWxzZSwidSI6NTY3ODY2NCwiaWF0IjoxNzMwOTcwMjg2LCJleHAiOjE3MzM1NjIyODYsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0wIiwic3ViIjoibGluay1yZWRpcmVjdCJ9.QBnUBknLVnNq3-Y2PfeyV_aYQIYemic6yniLTQmgVZk?" shash="xz1vywSHYdreWblm/BxIidmV2uG9cngiYG9tJUzHrRX+YThHI1DEBySTGZssgm/ZsK/RGwD+pov3AGwnUMKDRsduUz4I70M6qxpKtKacOMw4ongmEO2HpiFBhF1iGqBTj+Dip4sIRlCohMnJEpChPAHo9zP8AMLpfuf20Fb2xtE="><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'><span style='color:purple;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><img border=0 width=550 height=101 style='width:5.7291in;height:1.052in' id="_x0000_i1043" src="cid:~WRD0004.jpg" alt="Image removed by sender."></span></span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><div><div style='margin-top:12.0pt'><div style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:initial;word-break:break-word'><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Thanks, my friends, for your subscriptions. It’s wonderful to have your support for SET. Please “spread the word” by sharing!</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fapp-link%2Fpost%3Fpublication_id%3D388687%26post_id%3D151293641%26utm_source%3Dsubstack%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_content%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Demail-share%26action%3Dshare%26triggerShare%3Dtrue%26isFreemail%3Dfalse%26r%3D3dpoo%26token%3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568330366%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=qb2t%2FLARPLhkHVHIA8pQUfv02a1N8YK%2FE6JEbKnOsK0%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=388687&post_id=151293641&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&utm_campaign=email-share&action=share&triggerShare=true&isFreemail=false&r=3dpoo&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE" shash="WcV/fNjzskyp2Adat6X0wGb/OePFV8KK+y12qLWlP0oNW/0odPdrdLamaxkDvvM2oOK3u6AEUkiALBDccXscAVBPPP5oH3UUYrMtAh+74//o+xyZeGNBUoj0u7don5FUIq214kzH++OMEYokg41zIVxLwhD8+eJ02OOi2Yqho3E="><b><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:white;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;background:#5ABB71;text-decoration:none'>Share</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-top:12.0pt'><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><hr size=0 width="91%" align=center></div></div></div></div><div><div><h1 style='margin:0in;line-height:27.0pt'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fapp-link%2Fpost%3Fpublication_id%3D388687%26post_id%3D151293641%26utm_source%3Dpost-email-title%26utm_campaign%3Demail-post-title%26isFreemail%3Dfalse%26r%3D3dpoo%26token%3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568330366%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=0nKmk66TTW59FGgDMA0owYdRK9vdni6IRux70tT2UCI%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=388687&post_id=151293641&utm_source=post-email-title&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=false&r=3dpoo&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE" shash="SfRHDr91nb9FeTF20UGHH1dy9Soro/7NYDut6T3+JS7k/+jfmmwPLknXEB2nxXtPE62DNN/6BH6TN6MOjg+Y3Y2LHzt0R3Omp4F8pEdbQqQyY3PEZInQfnFQezd+249lbHzOqXpskQFynn/miKzi8eDWOyCvRXPFPiPj9Hsf6ls="><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737;text-decoration:none'>Project 2025 and its implications for special education</span></a><o:p></o:p></h1><h3 style='margin-bottom:0in;line-height:18.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#777777;font-weight:normal'>What's in store for special education according to the policy paper?</span><o:p></o:p></h3><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;align-items:center'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2F%40davidbateman916193&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568330366%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=nU46g6eKDMB3VT0Xxh1dw0hrQWJBjAy67XsmRHDS6Gw%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/@davidbateman916193" shash="CdR2LhNsUj/DW7rj3vVzKBgvNWBXz/2yw9YaMTh45vl8GJGHMv6M+Ivl1kH7vc+e2LrjvIna2p6RMCX5OdXqPhqajD7JtkCozrEwaUqRUN4yS7Vjd36jvuCHWATLNDm+6ctcGSy092vFi/oI9IDOGHPy/HWyztqVTRSzng0CLT0="><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15pt;text-decoration:none'>DAVID BATEMAN</span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:15.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#777777;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15pt'>NOV 7</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div align=right><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2F%40davidbateman916193&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568486615%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=AoJhv1zdzNCdx4kADEODX4YMqXM9fyy%2BmwsWbe%2FXYLQ%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/@davidbateman916193" shash="Nabpk5LI/IhRffG6xuQReTgq/2BwIgmktdLPPc+IvEegxCgyPrZwqgfV5qQsdrvnm3u9ccZHEgGWQVTCrpOymA7Ad7jV8Rht4RQEn8lSjvFs/jiSIQQ+k6GNPGSyyFgIxJ+HKfYuAmg8Ikx6r5ejJ7VuK/Cgyzazwdv09i792QQ="><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'><span style='color:purple;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><img border=0 width=40 height=40 style='width:.4166in;height:.4166in' id="_x0000_i1041" src="cid:~WRD0004.jpg" alt="Image removed by sender."></span></span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><span style='display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-bottom-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);border-top-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);min-width:100%'><tr style='height:12.0pt'><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.0pt'><p class=xxmsonormal style='margin:0in;mso-line-height-alt:0pt'><span style='font-size:1.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=38 style='width:28.5pt'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fapp-link%2Fpost%3Fpublication_id%3D388687%26post_id%3D151293641%26utm_source%3Dsubstack%26isFreemail%3Dfalse%26submitLike%3Dtrue%26token%3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsInJlYWN0aW9uIjoi4p2kIiwiaWF0IjoxNzMwOTcwMjg2LCJleHAiOjE3MzM1NjIyODYsImlzcyI6InB1Yi0zODg2ODciLCJzdWIiOiJyZWFjdGlvbiJ9.VAkS8BHYppQwf1bo2nixhMqzVd9KM5JLsHuXJv1x5v8%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_campaign%3Demail-reaction%26r%3D3dpoo&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568486615%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=aisZPkUZ1KknZNIGZt%2BcWfTiAuRpidMUWKhEKFfx%2BKw%3D&reserved=0" 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style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td><td width=8 style='width:6.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;min-width:8px'></td><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=38 style='width:28.5pt'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a 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style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#777777;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none'>READ IN APP</span></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#777777;text-transform:uppercase;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=19 height=19 style='width:.1979in;height:.1979in' id="_x0000_i1036" src="cid:~WRD0004.jpg" alt="Image removed by sender."></span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:12.0pt'><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:12.0pt'><p class=xxmsonormal style='margin:0in;mso-line-height-alt:0pt'><span style='font-size:1.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></div><div><div style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:initial;word-break:break-word'><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Editor’s note:</span></strong><span class=xapple-converted-space><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> </span></i></span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Given the results of the US presidential election of November 2024, it is appropriate and timely to revisit the proposals presented by a conservative policy organization known as Project 2025. When he debated Vice President Kamala Harris 10 September 2024, President-elect Donald J. Trump said, ““I have nothing to do with Project 2025. I haven’t read it. I don’t want to read it purposely. I’m not going to read it.” However, many political analysts expect those proposals will influence the in-coming presidential administration and members of the US Congress.</span></em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Previously here on Special Education Today, in the</span></em><span class=xapple-converted-space><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> </span></i></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2Fc9c58107-41a4-4c2a-a944-da826e1ef409%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=AB46h4X5J3QPLHqYoko4jiod8V6sy57x6sWyuzb2I5U%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/c9c58107-41a4-4c2a-a944-da826e1ef409?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="f9/EBxsZYmtGZQZZeLGxai8WjBa6Yb4ZkWa3QwOSZnb20ZrOD9JORN/+WpENwr3AgBTR3z1L/UTRXrd4yj+OL1Ur10lw7edaYBen2FKEbFd2bm5JbGokfe2FwIVuYXRCxCe6ruqULohUTDzm3X+daq/IVm5EL8XB69Ngm2L1d78="><i><span style='color:#363737'>Special Education Today newsletter 4(2)</span></i></a><span class=xapple-converted-space><i><span style='color:#363737'> </span></i></span></span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>published 8 July 2024 and the post</span></em><span class=xapple-converted-space><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> </span></i></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2Fa03dd0f8-0494-44df-b901-c79385eaadfb%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=DoYX3Kv8WF8rqoeQV7tke1BGKEaU4OiBPzGeBOyu6NQ%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/a03dd0f8-0494-44df-b901-c79385eaadfb?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="ij/di9qBSOCLIXlTE623SQVpEGReCjfJEM4iova5XJbvr0/La7vjo8YE4ut8N7+kXKwhoMtENHH9P4/sh3hv4s2/WBk9t0xGMrQ8Ai09JkZzKC3/0ykIexIdF3kHbN1T1NzOGEjvlZY5A9qPmoxZDuRopFY5Sd1uiIfxmvdt6Ls="><i><span style='color:#363737'>Another view on Project 2025</span></i></a><span class=xapple-converted-space><i><span style='color:#363737'> </span></i></span></span><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>published 23 July 2024, I discussed the proposals from Project 2025. In this post, David Bateman, Ph.D., focuses his legal acumen on the aspects of the Project 2025 proposals that have to do with special education.</span></em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>For those who are keeping count (I am!), this is the 1100th post on SET!</span></em><strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>—JohnL</span></strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fapp-link%2Fpost%3Fpublication_id%3D388687%26post_id%3D151293641%26utm_source%3Dsubstack%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_content%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Demail-share%26action%3Dshare%26triggerShare%3Dtrue%26isFreemail%3Dfalse%26r%3D3dpoo%26token%3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=I%2FtnoGnaArfbDJglYPhoIrIAmSYjyuxaqUR%2B84tVFWo%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=388687&post_id=151293641&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&utm_campaign=email-share&action=share&triggerShare=true&isFreemail=false&r=3dpoo&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE" shash="UDrrg07ApqAVWWzFNKvthn7+YpWQKFdMdZ0C1qEXDFiuzSSzn1i+ZPKpi/oyN6ysWd+Jwugzn4tzyNZ+Gs7+zQqoR8DKKD7KpCxwAL373CauTAsAGkSHv9ZCqhol7q6ft+P2RjFhNr+B/34POuqywluwunmmYmeh0N8k/zaKkiA="><b><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:white;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;background:#5ABB71;text-decoration:none'>Share</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='margin-top:24.0pt;margin-bottom:24.0pt'><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><hr size=0 width="61%" align=center></div></div></div><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>The Heritage Foundation's "Project 2025," formally known as<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2F2e4f14d1-1e7a-4ced-a30e-00f0116bc158%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=4mljDDNEMwtIznSnbmQauYo%2BDn3vsHDmH7HGfL%2FO5Fg%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/2e4f14d1-1e7a-4ced-a30e-00f0116bc158?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="apxlrC8EvKpjfD18zf3uL/t01HhTaXwFyWDwI38VuPI8GBE/AY1EArhoR6MZ2oGCw9yNExrl9dTLSTMvWFKgnMmLjZIr2oCkbkQizzdHOg4PsOoi8fV4Sb9jWjCdPnK2RwF+1vkDFkMDuPFwHsJbX6jVKk0Ea9dWRwu+B7ADSwM="><i><span style='color:#363737'>Mandate for Leadership 2025: The Conservative Promise</span></i></a><span style='color:#363737'>(PDF), presents a detailed blueprint for policy changes that a future conservative presidential administration might pursue. This document reflects a desire to overhaul federal education policy significantly, with some parts focusing particularly on decentralizing control, promoting school choice, and reducing the federal government's role in education. The following is a more detailed expansion of the key points and implications from Chapter 12, authored by Lindsey M. Burke, focusing on the US Department of Education and special education.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style='margin-top:24.0pt;margin-bottom:24.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td><td width=538 style='width:403.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2F8dcfc9e6-e096-447f-a208-a06134acff93%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=K%2FJRM4yKmYMZ%2FiLWQTFC7VDvbDbhFkdwzr6%2Ff2VFBqQ%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/8dcfc9e6-e096-447f-a208-a06134acff93?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="smSru5EVh7jpfFa9Tut+LNsUyeDKWaSXRGBnL8yQlmBBQXCSe+7kZSmrfUYBV7Jw+BUSMaW1cUWdafJkkZ2ch0+ggpGwTRWl41areCGhPl1cVTB5Fl1k9diSK6W/G4dqDcMt30+wSXmulEBV2MvYZnQJKav3ye/PslTEiisR11Q=" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'><span style='color:purple;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'><img border=0 width=538 height=717 style='width:5.6041in;height:7.4687in' id="_x0000_i1034" src="cid:~WRD0004.jpg" alt="Image removed by sender. a black and white photo of the u s capitol building"></span></span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td></tr></table><div><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:19.5pt'>Photo of US Capital by<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2F9f8db370-cdfd-4560-af8f-952bd929b7e2%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568642814%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=fR1daQu0bS90Q9OZsFqYamb62OzkrM5sZ8pgwgKe%2FV8%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/9f8db370-cdfd-4560-af8f-952bd929b7e2?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="m5o6prQihWo1Qf6EBSqGhvbfuZ0ZfCVzxq2GFL9420gdAK3Jo4F3dK1ZkhWBPmc5/yfnIipri6lBEpDF/Irh3BUD6T7egnPykTH6jKt/ssBcQ6RnPx/82VLGLopeRNCKI2SN91szwr4O9vF6JAHoEYd1R76JuE3wXt5Akp0ShEs="><span style='color:purple'>Hannah Tu</span></a><span class=xapple-converted-space> </span>on<span class=xapple-converted-space> </span><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fredirect%2Fe7315faf-a9b8-4027-a732-4645dc8a29c5%3Fj%3DeyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568799136%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=0J6IaSGtzEiA%2BRxbMlvdcSfci%2BpqiqEk%2FyfCEYqrz1o%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/redirect/e7315faf-a9b8-4027-a732-4645dc8a29c5?j=eyJ1IjoiM2Rwb28ifQ.CX81dAYXdAdgjoODbs_lNu2DGS9vUMjSJpyKls0KaPA" shash="oO6cK0cRYhUgPau5v2wB3PFAgHfagbP9lVeHQ0A21NlHP59pNnqrOdBV7CNilEY95CRRAR0Eq1eZMAASkNyoDe8adtZydsKKYl4iT3hsRdry7w8b+zqmbdrMxohCuv21m8sjrXtJNPq5ybMejCv8sIFJGIZ23pd/VDjFpkDQWhM="><span style='color:purple'>Unsplash</span></a><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><h3 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt'><span style='font-size:16.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Key Points from Chapter 12: US Department of Education by Lindsey M. Burke</span><o:p></o:p></h3><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>1.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Elimination of the Department of Education</span></strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>a.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Federal Education Policy Limitation:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Advocates for minimal federal involvement in education.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>ii.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>The long-term goal is to abolish the federal Department of Education.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>iii.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Emphasis on empowering students and families rather than government agencies.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>b.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Diverse Educational Options:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Support for a variety of school types, including traditional public schools, private schools, charter schools, and home schooling.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>ii.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Postsecondary institutions should also reflect this diversity, with room for liberal arts colleges, research universities, faith-based institutions, career schools, military academies, and lifelong learning programs.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>2.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Changes to the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS):</span></strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>a.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Funding Redistribution:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Most IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) funding to be converted into block grants with fewer federal restrictions, distributed directly to local education agencies through the Health and Human Services' Administration for Community Living.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>b.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Program Transfers:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Transfer Vocational Rehabilitation Grants for Native American students to the Bureau of Indian Education.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>c.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Phasing Out Earmarks:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Gradually eliminate earmarked funding for specific institutions such as the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, Special Olympics Funding, and the American Printing House for the Blind.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>d.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Enforcement of Disability Rights:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Move federal efforts to enforce disability discrimination laws, currently under OSERS, to the Department of Justice's Office for Civil Rights (OCR).</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>3.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Funding for Children with Disabilities:</span></strong><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>a.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>IDEA Funding Portability:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Proposes allowing families to use their child's portion of IDEA funding for various educational expenses, akin to education savings accounts in states like Arizona and Florida.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>ii.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>The proposal includes options for private school tuition, educational therapies, personal tutors, and other learning resources.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>b.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>State-Level Education Options:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Highlighted states like Florida, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Mississippi, South Carolina, and North Carolina that offer education savings accounts or K-12 private school scholarships for children with special needs.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>c.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Revising IDEA:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>i.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Suggests federal lawmakers move oversight of IDEA to the Department of Health and Human Services.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:2.5in;text-indent:-2.5in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>ii.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Considers revising IDEA to enhance parental choice and flexibility in how funds are used to support their child's education.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt'><span style='font-size:16.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Implications for Special Education:</span><o:p></o:p></h3><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>The changes proposed for education in Project 2025 indicate a profound shift in the management and funding of special education They could have these implications:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h5 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:13.9pt'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Decentralization and Block Grants:</span><o:p></o:p></h5><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Potential Benefits:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Increased flexibility for local education agencies to use funds in ways that best meet the needs of their students.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Potential for innovation in special education programs and services at the local level.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Potential Drawbacks:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Concerns about equitable distribution of resources, especially in less affluent areas.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Risk of inconsistency in the quality and availability of special education services across different regions.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h5 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:13.9pt'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Transfer of Functions and Responsibilities:</span><o:p></o:p></h5><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Civil Rights Protections:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Moving enforcement of disability rights to the Department of Justice could streamline anti-discrimination efforts but might also distance these protections from the specialized knowledge and focus of the Department of Education.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Special Programs and Services:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Phasing out earmarked funding for institutions like the National Technical Institute for the Deaf could impact the services and support available to these populations.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h5 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:13.9pt'><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Parental Choice and Flexibility:</span><o:p></o:p></h5><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Empowerment of Families:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Allowing parents to use federal funds for private educational expenses could give families more control over their child's education and potentially improve individual outcomes.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:60.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:#363737'>·</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>Challenges and Equity Issues:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:120.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:19.5pt;box-sizing:border-box'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#363737'>o</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'> <span class=xapple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>There is a concern that increased reliance on parental choice and private education options could exacerbate inequalities, particularly for families with fewer resources or less ability to navigate complex education systems.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 style='margin-bottom:7.5pt'><span style='font-size:16.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#363737'>Summary</span><o:p></o:p></h3><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#363737'>The proposals in Project 2025 reflect a significant shift toward reducing federal control over education and increasing local and parental control. Although these changes are intended to empower families and improve educational outcomes through increased choice and flexibility, they also raise important questions about equity and consistency and their overall influence on special education services. The potential reallocation of responsibilities and funding, along with the abolition of the Department of Education, would represent a dramatic transformation in the landscape of special education in the United States.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack.com%2Fapp-link%2Fpost%3Fpublication_id%3D388687%26post_id%3D151293641%26utm_source%3Dsubstack%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_content%3Dshare%26utm_campaign%3Demail-share%26action%3Dshare%26triggerShare%3Dtrue%26isFreemail%3Dfalse%26r%3D3dpoo%26token%3DeyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE&data=05%7C02%7Csimtrainer-l%40lists.ku.edu%7Cb3a2156dc1e84537c12008dd08f87c3a%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638676585568799136%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=pYBmZ3EFglAUvArIBwx5%2FGJKRXIpf7IwwXX0Z39Dd5I%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=388687&post_id=151293641&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&utm_campaign=email-share&action=share&triggerShare=true&isFreemail=false&r=3dpoo&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjo1Njc4NjY0LCJwb3N0X2lkIjoxNTEyOTM2NDEsImlhdCI6MTczMDk3MDI4NiwiZXhwIjoxNzMzNTYyMjg2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMzg4Njg3Iiwic3ViIjoicG9zdC1yZWFjdGlvbiJ9.B7prxLHb5YBOrBI_keXUUptCFnoxfn0IXGEP1sLudIE" shash="yOt30S+LGL0OZDkAiXQ0cXpO1KnywfoMULlXtQq13IqGXjjzwXd5kAmbi/6T4XuOPdGHyviS/5Wa8tRqA9IVZwtOFle/OeBxWEpX8XkWwfS/nDaN7smar0H3AH/iTNQael44kUoG6KgvItzwLhMzLuqsQCO0TkSF+X3uueUMezo="><b><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:white;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;background:#5ABB71;text-decoration:none'>Share</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='margin-top:24.0pt;margin-bottom:24.0pt'><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:19.5pt'><hr size=0 width="73%" align=center></div></div></div><p style='margin-bottom:15.0pt;line-height:19.5pt'><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif;color:#363737'>David Bateman is former professor at Shippensburg University and currently works for the American Institutes for Research in Washington, DC. He lives in Charlottesville, VA. 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