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<div dir="ltr">Am I wrong in thinking that the Minneapolis 2040 plan that took away the zoning of single-family had been tied up in court until this past summer? It had been challenged by environmentalist saying they had not done an environmental impact study
and that was upheld by the Hennepin county Courts and development was stopped with a stay. It was only after the legislature passed the bill saying that county development plans or city development plans were not subject to environmental review that then
the stay was lifted . So the 2040 plan has only been in effect since the summerof 2024– less than 6 months. Although some but not all buildings that were started before the challenge were allowed to continue as permits had already been issued for them. I think
that that was about 24 buildings. But I could be wrong about all this.Two of my sisters live there and are well informed . Population growth in Minneapolis has been weak the last five years.</div>
<div dir="ltr">Let me know if I am misinformed-PLEASE <br>
<blockquote type="cite">On Dec 5, 2024, at 4:18 PM, kthompson@sunflower.com wrote:<br>
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HI,</div>
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Let’s try attaching my chart!</div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">Kyle Thompson<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="mailto:kthompson@sunflower.com" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(5, 99, 193);">kthompson@sunflower.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">785-331-5783<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-weight:bold">From: </span>Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan-bounces@lists.ku.edu> on behalf of kthompson--- via Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Thursday, December 5, 2024 at 3:42 PM<br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">To: </span>McClure, Kirk <mcclure@ku.edu>, Listserv of the Lawrence Association of Neighborhoods (LAN) <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu>, Sheri Ellenbecker <sheriellenbeck@hotmail.com><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>Re: [Electronic-LAN] Vox.com: The pro-housing consensus that wasn’t<br>
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HI Kirk,</div>
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Has your work been critiqued by any groups like Strong Towns or any of the large coterie of urbanists?<span></span></div>
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According to this chart, something is happening in Minneapolis. My understanding is that it is predominately Transit Oriented Development and not infill duplexes and triplexes. Note: Minneapolis is a college town.<span></span><span></span></div>
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I think people will cite your work and say, “See we don’t need to build more housing”, without looking at your concerns about zoning and subsidizing certain forms. I do believe that only through more density, sprawl can be contained and more affordable housing
can be built. Since LAN is concerned about the LDC, do you have criticisms of it or are you generally in favor of it.<span></span><span></span><span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">Thanks,</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">Kyle Thompson</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="mailto:kthompson@sunflower.com" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(5, 99, 193);">kthompson@sunflower.com</a></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">785-331-5783</span></p>
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<span style="font-weight:bold">From: </span>Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan-bounces@lists.ku.edu> on behalf of McClure, Kirk via Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Wednesday, December 4, 2024 at 10:39 PM<br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">To: </span>Sheri Ellenbecker <sheriellenbeck@hotmail.com>, ELECTRONIC-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>Re: [Electronic-LAN] Vox.com: The pro-housing consensus that wasn’t<br>
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<div>Sheri and all,</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Good questions.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Households versus families. Terminology is always tricky. In the housing field, we all stick with the definitions used by the Census Bureau. A household is one or more persons who occupy a single housing unit. A family is two or more persons
related by blood or marriage. A family usually lives in a single housing unit, but a family can be spread across multiple units. A household may or may not be a family. A household can be a single individual living alone, or a household can be 2+ people who
may not be related by blood or marriage.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">The “missing middle” and the “entry level home.” It is true that low-cost starter homes, duplexes and townhouses are not being built in great numbers. Some people blame zoning. Minneapolis recently eliminated single-family zoning in an attempt
to promote greater mixing of housing types and price levels. It will take years to see how much, if any, effect the elimination of single-family zoning will have.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">NIMBY. The sad reality is that existing homeowners do not want low-cost housing built in their neighborhoods out of fear that the low-cost units will lower the value of the existing higher-priced units. Whether through zoning or other means,
existing homeowners will fight to protect the value of their homes. This is a political roadblock that is hard to overcome. </div>
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<div dir="ltr">Subsidies for developers. It is very costly for the government to subsidize builders to construct lower cost housing units. It is nearly always less expensive for the government to help low-income households purchase units already in the market.
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<div dir="ltr">New units versus existing units. New units are only a very small part of the total housing stock, and very few households ever own a new home. Existing units in good shape can meet the needs of the low-income at lower cost to the taxpayers.
It is generally more cost effective and easier to overcome NIMBYism to subsidize low-income homebuyers purchase and renovate existing homes than it is to subsidize homebuilders to build new homes for low-income homebuyers.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Raise wages. I have often said that nothing fixes a rooftop better than a paycheck. The single most effective housing program is raising the minimum wage. California recently adopted a $20 per hour minimum wage. Housing analysts will be watching
because when a household earns $40,000 or more, affordability problems tend to go away.<span></span><span></span><span></span></div>
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<div dir="ltr">I hope that this helps.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">All the best,</div>
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<div dir="ltr"><b>Kirk McClure</b></div>
<div dir="ltr">Professor Emeritus</div>
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<div dir="ltr">mcclure@ku.edu</div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><b>From:</b> Sheri Ellenbecker <sheriellenbeck@hotmail.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, December 4, 2024 3:06:20 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> McClure, Kirk <mcclure@ku.edu>; ELECTRONIC-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Gary Webber <gkwebber@gmail.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Electronic-LAN] Vox.com: The pro-housing consensus that wasn’t</font>
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<div dir="ltr">Thanks. That is very enlightening data that you’ve shared. Some incomplete thoughts that I have had are that often a family has two houses because the family is not one unit. Does that count as two household then? Another thing that has been
in the back of my mind is that there is no incentive for the builder to build a moderately priced home. They make a lot more money on more expensive homes I think. so the little slab ranchers that we rented when we were first married are no longer being built.
The bedrooms were small. The bathrooms were small and they had an eaten kitchen. That served us nicely then it seems like those are not even being built now as single-family dwellings. And I do believe that most people want to have a single family dwelling
as opposed to an apartment when they have a family. Maybe that is something that is no longer possible in America. But I think in small town America like Lawrence Kansas that is what people want. Am I right in that? I think that if there was a way for the
city to offer an incentive to build these types of homes , maybe more people could afford them. Also, there’s another way to look at this and that would be to raise wages. </div>
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<blockquote type="cite">On Dec 4, 2024, at 2:58 PM, McClure, Kirk via Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu> wrote:<br>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">I just want to chime in on the affordable housing issue. As a former member of LAN from Old West Lawrence, I continue to follow the good work of the association. I also am a retired professor of urban planning who specializes
in affordable housing.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">The books mentioned in the Vox.com article are all noteworthy, but they probably are not the best research available in the area of affordable housing. The authors of these books all come to the field of housing with limited
knowledge of how housing markets behave, and these authors have a great many predispositions. All are predisposed to think that the price of housing is high because the supply is scarce. In many good and services, this may be true; it is not true in housing.
Careful examination of the data show that there is no shortage of housing in nearly all of the 916 metropolitan areas of the nation, including Lawrence.
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">Some quick facts from the Census, the most reliable source of population and housing data:</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt"> <i>Item 2000 2020 Change Percent Change</i></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Population 80,083 94,934 14,851 19%</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Housing Units 32,792 43,421 10,629 32%</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Households 31,435 39,688 8,253 26%</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">Housing growth outpaced both population and household formation. Thus, there is no housing shortage in Lawrence. But prices are high here as they are throughout the nation.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">Prices are high for reasons other than scarcity. Our building codes demand that housing be built to high standards which increases prices. Our capital gains tax laws favor investment in owner-occupied homes making homes the
single largest component of household net worth which contributes to upward pressure on prices. As a household’s largest investment, homeowners protect their investments with zoning codes that exclude lower-priced homes contributing to upward pressure on
home prices. Supply chain problems, labor problems and high interest rates have contributed to recent increases in the costs of building new units which also contribute to upward pressure on prices. The upward trend in prices outpaces the growth of incomes,
especially for poor households who tend to be renters. </span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">The housing affordability problems of Lawrence (and nearly all metropolitan markets in the nation) result from low incomes and a housing market that cannot produce housing affordably priced for the low-income households. What
this means is that we cannot build our way out of the housing affordability problem. Adding large quantities of housing units will not lower housing prices.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">We can help to resolve housing affordability problems with rental assistance (Housing Choice Vouchers) and low-income homebuyer assistance (downpayment assistance and below-market interest rate loans).
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">There are exceptions. Special needs households and the homeless have problems that are best addressed by building housing that fits their special needs. However, for the vast majority of the population, the market has already
built the housing that is needed; we need to help the poor pay for the housing that already exists.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">I hope that this helps.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">All the best,</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt">Kirk </span></p>
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<b> </b></p>
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<b>Kirk McClure</b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">, Ph.D.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.0pt">Professor Emeritus</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.0pt">Urban Planning Program</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.0pt">University of Kansas</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.0pt"><a href="mailto:mcclure@ku.edu" style="text-decoration: underline; color: blue;"><span style="color: rgb(70, 120, 134);">mcclure@ku.edu</span></a></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Electronic-LAN <electronic-lan-bounces@lists.ku.edu>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Gary Webber via Electronic-LAN<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, December 4, 2024 12:23 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> ELECTRONIC-LAN <electronic-lan@lists.ku.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Electronic-LAN] Vox.com: The pro-housing consensus that wasn’t</span></p>
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<a href="https://nam10.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fpolicy%2F389431%2Fhousing-affordable-homes-yimby-nimby-shortage-construction&data=05%7C02%7Celectronic-lan%40lists.ku.edu%7C2e5f36f050ca49c16d4b08dd158eae39%7C3c176536afe643f5b96636feabbe3c1a%7C0%7C0%7C638690424806623922%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=kzu9lrlC1nuOdgGvf5IkUNYdNyXcPNjVzuESREEywL8%3D&reserved=0" originalSrc="https://www.vox.com/policy/389431/housing-affordable-homes-yimby-nimby-shortage-construction" shash="QcI6k2BVd+kbtYJ3XJSQX6Xayqz4PgcB9MzDh6xLmiS2MiV/Xx6fTD/K8vDgeKXA+qGsIRKD5aVzs3WdZ/Q0Cj9MS33y8Kvt4ZrSrMrByUS9fWIEB2GMvVpNxKBnDmRyHPd1RemgFnlL7u1YusNGep2XwYQb50brRA9mo2Cft0s=" originalsrc="https://www.vox.com/policy/389431/housing-affordable-homes-yimby-nimby-shortage-construction" shash="L+vmD9ABmYZWRY6/yplh7eks2NhMzg9SNrM/XR/2AOxoUlxnbKITakCM1a6ImAfRJOjj90noOPs+sxGX7RL6mQ+FGStQSg5Tlq36JJCCEOktwwjpay8NCKwEiLECUBFZe7c84jbi63j16iDb7scmqCuN1s0YkLtbEu4G/oLAvgk=" style="text-decoration: underline; color: blue;">https://www.vox.com/policy/389431/housing-affordable-homes-yimby-nimby-shortage-construction</a> </p>
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I suggest reading this article from Vox (link above), which summarizes 3 new books on housing trends in the U.S. It provides an excellent review of the history of housing that got us where we are today, and the possible paths proposed to improve the situation.</p>
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Gary Webber</p>
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<div><minn chart.docx></div>
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